Core Principles of Democratic Governance and Free Speech

Core Principles of Democratic Governance

• Popular Accountability of Government: Leaders are accountable to citizens.
• Political Competition: Voters must have a choice between candidates or parties; competition is essential.
• Alternation in Power: The reins of power must occasionally change hands. A system where the ruling party remains in power for decades cannot be truly democratic.
• Uncertain Electoral Outcomes: Elections must maintain an element of uncertainty and fluidity. The final decision rests with the people.
• Popular Representation: In representative democracies, voters elect legislators to voice and protect their general interests.
• Majority Decision with Respect for Minority Views: The majority should decide, but with respect for minority rights to avoid the "tyranny of the majority."
• Political Equality: In a democracy, all adults are equally able to participate in politics under the principle of "one person, one vote."
• Popular Consultation: The government must understand the will of the people and remain responsive to their needs and demands.
• Free Press and Freedom of Expression: A dictatorship cannot tolerate a free and critical press, often referred to as the "Fourth Estate."
• Checks and Balances: Essential mechanisms to prevent the abuse of power.

Free Speech: Ten Principles for a Connected World

• Violence: Violence emerges when there is no free speech or capacity for peaceful discourse.
• Knowledge: Free speech is vital to implementing knowledge throughout the country.
• Journalism: Society requires diverse voices and trustworthy media that provide accurate information.
• Diversity: Democracy requires the respect of diversity and a robust civil society that embraces human differences.
• Religion: Free speech includes the respect of believers.
• Privacy: Individuals must be able to protect their personal privacy.
• Secrecy: Citizens must be empowered to challenge all limits to the freedom of information.
• Icebergs: We must defend the internet and communication systems against illegitimate encroachments by public and private powers.
• Courage: We must decide for ourselves and be prepared to face the consequences.