Climate Zones of Spain: A Comprehensive Analysis

Temperate-Cold Climates

Located in northern and central Spain, this region features an average annual temperature of 15°C.

Oceanic Climate

Extending from Galicia to the Pyrenees, this zone is influenced by the jet stream and the polar front. It experiences rainfall above 800 mm, an average temperature of 13-14°C, very weak thermal fluctuations, mild winters, and cool summers.

Continental Climate

Covering two-thirds of the inland peninsula, this climate features weak precipitation (below 600 mm) and temperatures between 10-14°C. It is characterized by high thermal amplitude, cold winters, and temperatures that do not exceed 6°C for one to six months.

Temperate-Warm Climates

This climate is characterized by dry, hot summers and a wet season that may occur in winter, spring, or autumn. Rainfall is low and erratic (less than 800 mm), with temperatures exceeding 15°C.

Oceanic Mediterranean

Stretches along the border with Portugal, featuring moderate rainfall of 500-700 mm and high annual sunshine.

Continental Mediterranean

Extends across Huelva, Cádiz, Sevilla, Málaga, Córdoba, and Jaén. Annual rainfall ranges between 300 and 700 mm, with an average annual temperature of 17-18°C, cool winters, and very warm summers.

Subtropical Mediterranean

Typical of the Andalusian coast from Gibraltar, rainfall decreases from west to east (900-400 mm). It features a mean annual temperature of 19°C, with warm winters and hot summers.

Subdesert Climate

Extends into the southeast coast between Balerma and Torrevieja. It features annual rainfall below 300 mm, a mean annual temperature of 21°C, mild winters, and very hot summers.

Levantine-Balearic Mediterranean

Extends across Valencia, Tarragona, and the Balearic Islands. It features moderate rainfall of 400-700 mm, an average temperature of 16°C, and a moderate thermal amplitude of 13-15°C. The Balearic region is more influenced by the sea.

Catalan Mediterranean

Lying between the mouth of the Ebro and the Pyrenees, this area receives 500-900 mm of rainfall and maintains a soft mean annual temperature with moderate thermal amplitude.

Canarian Climate

With a clear tropical influence, annual precipitation ranges from 250-500 mm, with an average temperature over 17°C.

Mountain Climate

Affects lands located above 1,000 meters in altitude, resulting in a reduction in temperature and modifications to precipitation patterns.