Business English: Vocabulary, Conditionals and Passive Voice
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Vocabulary: Business Negotiations
- Bargain: Trato o acuerdo (beneficio unilateral).
- Consensus: Consenso.
- Deadlock: Punto muerto.
- Leverage: Influencia.
- Proposal: Propuesta.
- Agreement: Acuerdo (beneficio mutuo).
- Offer: Oferta.
- Refuse: Rechazar.
- Recapitulate: Recapitular.
Common Business Phrases
- Next order
- Consider a discount
- I would like to speak with
- Put somebody through
- I'm afraid that
- Send a budget
- Get an order
- Discontinued product
- Spare units
- Give an extra
English Grammar: Conditionals
Zero Conditional
If + Present Simple, Present Simple. Used for general truths or scientific facts. Example: If you heat ice, it melts.
First Conditional
If + Present Simple, Future Simple. Used for possible future situations. Example: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
Second Conditional
If + Past Simple, would + base verb. Used for hypothetical or unreal situations. Example: If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world.
Professional Communication Skills
- Direct: I want the order now. Polite: I would like to have the order as soon as possible.
- Direct: The bill must be in the envelope with the rest of the paperwork. Polite: It would be better if you included the bill in the envelope with the rest of the paperwork.
- Direct: Write this letter, I cannot do it all by myself! Polite: Will you write this letter for me, please?
- Direct: Lend me your laptop, I need it now! Polite: Would you be so kind as to lend me your laptop, please?
Passive Voice Structures
- Present Simple: A house is built.
- Present Perfect: A house has been built.
- Present Continuous: A house is being built.
- Past Simple: A house was built.
- Present Perfect Continuous: A house has been being built.
- Past Continuous: A house was being built.
- Past Perfect: A house had been built.
- Future Simple: A house will be built.
- Future Perfect: A house will have been built.
- Going to: Is going to be prepared.
- Modal (Can): Can be prepared.
- Modal (Must): Must be prepared.