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Classified in Biology
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ACTIVITIES
Infectious disease | Non-infectious |
Malaria(protozoa) | Hay fewer(allergy) |
Meningitis(virus) | Heart attack |
Athlete’s Foot(fungi) | Alzheimer |
Pneumonia(bacterial) | |
Chicken pox(virus) |
Trasplant: is a surgical procedure in which diseased or injured organs, tissues, cells are replaced with healthy one from a donor.
|The donor can be another person, the same person or an animal|
Types of transplant:
-Autotrasplant: the recipient and donor are the same person
-Allogeneic transplant: the donor is another person
-Xenotrasplant: the donor is an animal
Organ donation: is voluntary. Donors must be in good health, free from mental health problems, of legal age, not receive money in exchange for their organs, and give written consent
Types of donation:
-Cells: reproductive cells or stem cells from embryos and umbilical cord blood
-Tissue: blood transfusion, corneas, skin, cartilage
-Organs: heart, lungs, are declared brain dead
-Transplant complication: rejection (immune system from the host)
Infection (organ health analysed)
The immune system: protects the human body organized the invasion Of pathogens
Three bones of defence:
-Surface barriers: physical, chemical, biological
-Non-specific immune response: pathogens
-Specific immune response: lymphocytes B-cells and T-cells
Surface barriers:
-Physical: barriers of the body skin and mucous membrane
-Chemical: substances that prevent microorganism growth (tears, Saliva)
-Biological: microbita complete for food and space with Pathogens
Non-specific immune Response: if pathogens cross the surface barriers, second Line of defense in active. -Phagocytes: (some white blood cells) perform the response that is the same for all Pathogens
Specific immune response: if the second line of defenses is not enough to stop a pathogen a third Line of defense is actived LYMPHOCYTES (some white blood cells) perform a response. –Lymphocytes: recognize antigens, pathogens or pathogen structure 8protein, polysaccharides Or (lipids) that are foreign to the body. -Antigens: activate lymphocytes that Respond producing antibodies (protesis) that neutralizes antigens in pathogens
-T-type =recognizes cells and Destroys cells containg antigens (infected)
-B-type= produce antibiotic Specific to the antigen that activated them.
*Some T and B cells become memory cells, remaining in body for-life. If The same antigen or pathogens invades again, memory cells remember and a faster Will provide immunity to that disease. If the pathogens, features change, the Memory cells are unable to recognize and the disease can occur again (FLU)