Aviation Regulations and Maintenance

1. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

1.1 ICAO Documents

• Chicago Convention
• Second Freedom: Freedom to fly over any territory
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) established in 1944

1.2 ICAO's Role

• Provides the basis for national rules and regulations

1.3 ICAO Annexes

• Annex 6: Operation of Aircraft
• Annex 8: Part 147
• 18 technical annexes accepted in 1944

2. European Commission and EASA

2.1 European Commission

• Independent institution of the European Union

2.2 EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency)

• Responsible for safety in the EU
• Headquartered in Cologne, Germany

2.3 EASA Management

• Consists of one representative from each EU member state and one from the European Commission

2.4 Role of Member States

• Provide expertise and certification

2.5 National Civil Aviation Authorities (CAAs)

• Responsible for issuing engineer licenses

2.6 EASA Implementing Rules

• Annex II: Part 145
• Annex III: Part 66
• Annex IV: Part 147

2.7 Annex Part 21

• Stands for approval of design and production

2.8 Part 66 Subcategories

• Helicopter piston engines

2.9 Minor Scheduled Maintenance

• Tasks that can be performed by Category A staff

2.10 Aircraft Groups

• Group 3: Piston engines

2.11 Category A Staff

• May issue minor scheduled maintenance

2.12 Category B1 Staff

• Authorized to perform avionics maintenance after replacement

2.13 Category B2 Staff

• Requires AML (Approved Maintenance License) training
• May perform maintenance only if qualified as Category A

2.14 Category C Staff

• Base maintenance certification staff

2.15 Practical Experience

• 3 years for Category A2

2.16 Part 66 License Validity

• 5 years

2.17 Aircraft Maintenance License

• Qualification and privileges

3. Maintenance Organizations

3.1 Pre-Flight Inspection

• Required before each flight

3.2 Competent Authority

• Both the National CAA and EASA are correct

3.3 Base Maintenance Activities

• Hangar space, offices, workshops

3.4 Part 145 Company Requirements

• Accountable manager

3.5 B1 and B2 Support

• May not need certifying

3.6 MOS Personnel Holder

• Valid Part 66 and Part 145 licenses

3.7 Maintenance Records

• Must be kept for at least 3 years

3.8 Part 145 Requirements

• Must hold all necessary approvals

3.9 Approved Part

• EASA Form One

3.10 CRS (Certificate of Release to Service)

• Issued on EASA Form One after maintenance

3.11 Part 145 Reporting Requirements

• Unairworthy conditions within 72 hours
• To type certificate holder

3.12 Quality System

• Must ensure adequacy of procedures

3.13 Maintenance Organization Exposition

• Found in the Maintenance Organization Exposition (MOE)
• Includes list of certified staff and any amendments

4. Airworthiness

4.1 Complex Aircraft

• 5,700 kg or 19 passengers OR 2 pilots

4.2 MEL (Minimum Equipment List)

• No items

4.3 Certificate of Airworthiness

• Carried onboard the aircraft

4.4 APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) Plate

• Fireproof

5. Airworthiness Requirements

5.1 Specific Certification Requirements

• Documents defining requirements

5.2 Multiple Airworthiness Requirements

• Yes

5.3 Airworthiness

• Required for operation of each aircraft

5.4 Certificate of Airworthiness or Restriction

• Issued by civil aviation authority of registry

6. Maintenance

6.1 Failure Reporting

• Within 3 days

6.2 Maintenance on Commercial Aircraft

• Part 145

6.3 Aircraft Records

• 5 years

7. Checks and Directives

7.1 Most Comprehensive Check

• D check

7.2 Airworthiness Directive

• Flight hours or dates by which compliance is required

7.3 Engine Conversion

• How to change one engine

7.4 MEL Responsibility

• Operator

7.5 CDL (Configuration Deviation List)

• List of missing secondary engines

7.6 Operation Outside MEL

• Only non-commercial flights

7.7 Runway Visual Category 2

• Higher than Category 3 approved aircraft