Ancient Greece and Rome: Key Concepts and History
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What is the Meaning of City-States?
Political units made up of a city and all the surrounding lands.
What is a Colony?
Some city-states established new outposts around the Black and Mediterranean seas.
What is the Golden Age of Greece About?
A period in a society’s history marked by great achievements.
What is the Parthenon?
The Parthenon is often seen as a symbol of ancient Athens. It was a beautiful temple to the goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their protector.
What Was Inside the Parthenon?
Inside the Parthenon was a magnificent statue of Athena by the sculptor Phidias.
Write a Little Biography of Alexander the Great
He spent most of his ruling years on an unprecedented military campaign through Asia and northeast Africa, and he created one of the largest empires of the ancient world by the age of thirty, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered one of history's most successful military commanders. During his youth, Alexander was tutored by Aristotle until age 16. Alexander's legacy includes the cultural diffusion and syncretism which his conquests engendered, such as Greco-Buddhism.
What Was a Republic?
A type of government in which people elect leaders to make laws for them.
What Was the Senate?
A council of rich and powerful Romans who helped run the city.
Who are the Citizens?
People who could take part in the government.
What Was the Roman Forum?
The forum was a large public square that stood in the center of the city. Roman citizens often met in the forum to discuss city affairs and politics.
What Was an Empire?
A government that includes many different peoples and lands under a single rule.
Who Was the First Emperor in Rome?
Write About Him
Octavian was the first emperor in Rome. Octavian was given a new name, Augustus, which means “honored one”. Augustus expanded Rome’s network of roads, which facilitated both travel and trade.
Octavian was the first emperor in Rome. Octavian was given a new name, Augustus, which means “honored one”. Augustus expanded Rome’s network of roads, which facilitated both travel and trade.
What is the Meaning of Pax Romana?
Roman peace: a long period of peace and achievements.
Write the Principal Six Reasons for the Decline of Rome
- Poor leaders cared less for the people of Rome than they did for their own happiness.
- Taxes and prices rose, increasing poverty. People became less loyal to Rome.
- Military leaders fought each other for power.
- The empire was too large for a single person to govern well.
- Barbarians invaded the empire from outside.
What is the Middle Ages?
It was a time of great changes in Europe, many of them inspired by the Christian Church.
What Were the Areas That the Church Began to Influence During the Middle Ages?
The Church began to influence the politics, art, and daily lives of people all over the continent.
Write About the Leader of the Church
The most powerful religious leader was the pope (head of the Christian church). The pope’s decisions had huge effects on people’s lives.
What Were the Crusades?
Religious wars against the church’s enemies in Southwest Asia.
What is the Meaning of Gothic Architecture?
A style known for its pointed ceilings, tall towers, and stained glass windows.