Ancient Greece and Rome: Key Concepts and Figures

What is the Meaning of City-States?

Political units made up of a city and all the surrounding lands.

What is a Colony?

Some city-states established new outposts around the Black and Mediterranean seas.

What is the Golden Age of Greece About?

A period in a society's history marked by great achievements.

What is the Parthenon?

The Parthenon is often seen as a symbol of ancient Athens. It was a beautiful temple to the goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their protector.

What was Inside the Parthenon?

Inside the Parthenon was a magnificent statue of Athena by the sculptor Phidias.

Who was Pericles?

Pericles, the most famous leader in all of Athenian history, wanted the city's people to be proud of their city. In his speeches, he emphasized the greatness of Athenian democracy and encouraged everyone to take part. He also worked to make the city beautiful. He hired the city's best architects to build monuments, such as the Parthenon, and hired great artists to decorate them. He also supported the work of writers and poets in order to make Athens the cultural center of all Greece.

Write a Little Biography of Alexander the Great

He spent most of his ruling years on an unprecedented military campaign through Asia and northeast Africa, and he created one of the largest empires of the ancient world by the age of thirty, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered one of history's most successful military commanders. During his youth, Alexander was tutored by Aristotle until age 16. Alexander's legacy includes the cultural diffusion and syncretism which his conquests engendered, such as Greco-Buddhism.

What was a Republic?

Type of government in which people elect leaders to make laws for them.

What was the Senate?

Council of rich and powerful Romans who helped run the city.

Who are the Citizens?

People who could take part in the government.

What was the Roman Forum?

The forum was a large public square that stood in the center of the city. Roman citizens often met in the forum to discuss city affairs and politics.

What was an Empire?

Government that includes many different peoples and lands under a single rule.

Who was the First Emperor in Rome? Write About Him

Octavian was the first emperor in Rome. Octavian was given a new name (Augustus which means 'honored one'). Augustus expanded Rome's network of roads, which facilitated both travel and trade.

What is the Meaning of Pax Romana?

Roman peace: long period of peace and achievements.

Write the Principals 6 Reasons for the Decline of Rome

• Poor leaders cared less for the people of Rome than they did for their own happiness.
• Taxes and prices rose, increasing poverty.
• People became less loyal to Rome.
• Military leaders fought each other for power.
• The empire was too large for a single person to govern well.
• Barbarians invaded the empire from outside.