Airflow Dynamics: Key Concepts in HVAC Systems

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Airflow Dynamics in HVAC Systems

Key Airflow Parameters

  • Current Air Time: Air delivery duration.
  • Choro Air: Isothermal air (ambient temperature, non-insulated).
  • Effective Velocity (V.efectiva): Average velocity at the air outlet.
  • Residual Velocity (V. Residual): Air velocity in the occupied area.
  • Temperature Difference (RBI): Difference between ambient and impulse temperatures.
  • Ambient Temperature Difference: Temperature difference between the occupied area and ambient.
  • Temperature Coefficient: Ratio of temperature differences.
  • Mixed Flowrate: Sum of impulse and induced flow.
  • Inductance Index: Ratio of total flow to impulse flow.

Airflow Phenomena

  • Coanda Effect: Airflow adhering to a surface.
  • Critical Radius: Distance where the Coanda effect diminishes.

Air Movement and Sound

  • Movements Number: Ratio of impulse flow to local volume.
  • Sound Power Level: Measured in an anechoic chamber.
  • Sound Pressure Level: Measured in the environment.
  • Number of Movements: Calculated based on diffuser and room data.

Diffusers and Control

  • Linear Diffusers: Air distribution through slots.
  • Control Variable: Ambient temperature (Tamb).
  • Average Value: Measured value of a variable.
  • Deviation: Difference between measured and target values.
  • Controller: Element that decides control actions.

Control System Elements

  • Input Signals: Digital, analog, and impulse signals.
  • Output Signals: Digital and analog control signals.
  • Probes: Passive (temperature) and active (humidity, dew point, air velocity, etc.).
  • Control Elements: 3-way valves for mixing and dispersing.

Air Diffusion Methods

Displacement Ventilation

Uses low-velocity air to displace warmer air, suitable for microclimates.

Mixing Ventilation

Utilizes tangential impulse, jets, or rotational flow, often leveraging the Coanda effect for effective air mixing.

Note: Calculations and specific values may vary based on system design.

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