Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Vocational training

Essential English Vocabulary and Grammar

Common Phrases and Idioms

Work and Everyday Life

• Paid peanuts: Pagar una miseria (To be paid very little)
• Got sacked: Despidieron (To be fired)
• Show you the ropes: Mostrar como funciona (To show someone how to do a job)
• Pulling your weight: Ponerte las pilas (To do your fair share of work)
• Homesick: Tener morriña (To miss home)
• Make yourself at home: Sentirse como en casa (To feel comfortable)
• Suburbs: Barrios residenciales (Residential areas outside of a city)
• Success: Éxito (Achievement)

Examples:

• Earn money, respect: Ganar dinero, respeto
• Teamwork: Football match, group project
• Profit: Selling things, investing money
• Pack: Suit, toothbrush
• Deliver: Pizza, message
• Dare: Come late, make personal phone calls

Other Useful

Defining Business and Core Functions

Business: A business organization that offers goods and services to customers in exchange for money.

Key Business Departments

• Marketing: Publicity and promotion.
• Accounting: Recording incomes, profits, and outcomes.
• Sales: Controlling what the company sells and ensuring quality.
• Budgeting: Planning the spending of money.
• Customer Services: Attention to the client.
• Hiring Employees: Building the best team for the company and comparing candidates.

Organizational Interrelationships

Interrelationships: Effective strategic decision-making, good communication, and cooperation ensure the correct operation of the company.

Legal Entities and Fundamental Rights

Types of Legal Persons

• Natural Person: All individual human beings.

The Roots of American Mass Incarceration

The United States accounts for 5% of the world’s population but is responsible for 25% of the world’s incarcerations.

The 13th Amendment and the First Prison Boom

• The 13th Amendment granted freedom to all slaves, but if they were convicted of a crime, they were still subject to involuntary servitude. This led to the first major prison boom.

The Impact of "Birth of a Nation"

• Black men were labeled as rapacious and animalistic in the film Birth of a Nation:
  • It served as the first major blockbuster for political commentary.
  • It confirmed the narrative white society wanted to tell about the Civil War aftermath, portraying whites as martyrs.
  • Blacks were depicted as animals and a threat to white women.
  • Myths of

Listening T-4: Jessie and Her Sister

• Jessie's sister has a son (F)
• Jessie's sister is short (F)
• Jessie's sister plays basketball (T)
• The beach in the photo is in Germany (F)
• Jessie went to a music festival with her sister (F)
• Rosie has blonde hair (T)
• Rosie sees her boyfriend all the time (F)
• Pete is Jessie's boss (T)

Daily Routine: Taxi Driver

What does he do? He is a taxi driver
Does he like his job? Yes, he does
When does he work? From 7 p.m. to about 6 a.m.

1. Mark starts work at 7 p.m.
2. He has a hamburger or a pizza
3. He finishes work
4. He goes home
5. He goes to bed
6. He sleeps for eight hours
7. He gets up
8. He has breakfast
9. He goes to the gym
10. He has a shower
11. He watches TV or checks his emails
12. He has dinner

Marge and Robbie: Health Habits

• Robbie doesn't think he's healthy (F)
• Marge

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

Present Continuous Tense

Is Susan traveling to Australia tonight?

• My friends are going to a burial after school.
• Allan isn't riding this bicycle this afternoon.
• Peter is having his English test tomorrow afternoon.
• Is Sean taking his brother to the shops soon?
• Tim is watering the plants this evening.
• Will isn't watching TV this evening.
• Are you making breakfast tomorrow morning?
• Is Hillary reading a magazine next weekend?
• They are buying a coffin this afternoon.
• She is visiting her husband's grave tomorrow morning.
• George and Joe are cheating death.
• Christopher is writing his death wish on Wednesday afternoon.
• I'm going to buy a headset on Friday.

Medical Vocabulary

English - Spanish

Anaphylaxis (ANAFILAXIA) – Burns (QUEMADURAS) – Dislocation (DISLOCACIÓN)... Continue reading "English Grammar and Vocabulary Practice: Present Continuous, Medical Terms, and More" »

Complete: With, who, which, or that.

• In the first London Olympics which/that were held in 1948, only 59 countries participated.

• The athletes who/that won the most gold medals were the swimmers Michael...

• Sebastian Coe, who used to be an Olympic athlete, was the chairman of the London...

• The equipment (which/that) the athletes used was supplied by companies like Adidas.

• The race that/which generated the highest...

• Usain Bolt, who comes from a small town in Jamaica...

• The opening ceremony, which the film director Danny Boyle...

• The country that/which was chosen to host...

Combine the two sentences

• Avery Brundage, who was the fifth president of the IOC, was an Olympic...

• Women's boxing, which featured 36 competitors, was included in the...

• The Orbit, which

1. Telephone communication

it has been the medium used as the first contact with a company. It is used to arrange meetings , interviews or to ask for information, so the impression of the first telephone call is very important

2. Telephone means and equipment

Fixed individual devices

Private branch exchanges (PBX):  it connects calls between two destinations or ends

Mobile devices:

PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) it`s like a small computer (Internet and electronic mail)

Smartphone:  A PDA with video, camera, radio, MP3 player  or television

Services: Internet, e-mail, videoconference, camera, audio and  Video quality player, an agenda, GPS,....

3. Additional services offered by the telephone equipment

3.1 Common features(a,b,c,)

1. Fixed telephony: -

Notice

Chocolate Production

• Factory: Was set up.
• We: Produce.
• Beans: Are sourced.
• Chocolate: Is made.
• We: Have expanded and opened a new café.
• Our café: Sells products and has been described as a local favorite.
• We: Are launching a new line; you will be taken on a journey of flavor.
• We know you: Will love what you find, though our menu is currently being updated.

All About Pizza

• What are you eating for dinner? Pizza has become increasingly popular.
• Statistics: 5 billion pizzas are eaten annually, with Americans consuming 3 million daily.
• Consumption: 350 slices of pizza are eaten every second.

Margarita Pizza History

• Invention: The Margherita pizza was invented in 1889 and named by its creator.
• USA: It was first served in the USA, where 75,000 pizzas have been