Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for University

Christopher Isherwood: Modernism and War's Impact

Christopher Isherwood's work demonstrates a strong modernist influence, particularly in The Memorial: Portrait of a Family. This novel showcases a better integration of modernist techniques, exploring the profound effect of war on his generation.

• New Generation: Characterized by brittle gaiety and disillusionment.
• Older Generation: Grappling with a changed world, tormented by memories of the Edwardian era.

The novel's chronologically disorderly narrative reflects the pervasive sense of loss and collapse. Isherwood's "Berlin fiction" or "new realism" marked a significant shift in his style.

Factors for Isherwood's Stylistic Change

• Brief employment as a film writer, which fostered a fascination for

13. Thermal loads in Force Method.

Due to the change Of the temperature into the element the displacement of the structure is Described the following formula:

Where:

t – Is calculated: t = t_C – t₀.

t_C - current temperature in the Element at the centroid of element cross-section.

t₀ - the beginning temperature in The element.

α_t –thermal expansion ratio.

N_i – the values of axial forces in The elements under the unit force X_i.

Due to the temperature Difference around the element the displacement of the structure is Described the following formula:

Where:

Δt – is Calculated: Δt = t_u – t_d.

α_t – thermal expansion ratio.

h – a height of element cross-section.

M_i – the values of moments in the Elements under the unit force X_i.

14. Flexible

Understanding Mental Disorders

Significant impairments in psychological functioning are called mental disorders. These psychological or behavioral syndromes occur in response to the distress or disability that a particular event provokes (SHAPSE, 2008) and affect diverse features of someone’s behavior or personality depending on the brain area damaged or the environment the patient is surrounded by (Garety, Kuipers, Fowler, Freeman & Bebbington, 2001). Mental illnesses are caused by maladaptive or dysfunctional traits or by the presence of psychological stressors (APA, 2013).

The World Health Organization (2001) announced that a high percentage of people worldwide will suffer from some mental disorders or brain conditions at some point... Continue reading "Understanding Mental Disorders: Types, Causes, and Impact" »

Revenge Tragedy

Revenge tragedy is a genre of English theatre written from the mid-1580s to the early 1640s. The main themes of these plays are ghosts, incest, rape, torture, perversion, murder, betrayal, madness, strong passions, bloody violence, etc. Some of the most influential writers of this time were John Ford, Thomas Middleton, Thomas Kyd, John Marston, John Webster, George Chapman and Cyril Tourneur. We can distinguish some plays such as Kyd’s Spanish Tragedy, which initiated the dramatic archetype, inventing the basic formula.

Notable Works

Another crowd-pleasers tragedy was Thomas Middleton’s ‘The Revenger’s Tragedy’ (1606). We can distinguish Shakespeare’s ‘Hamlet’ even if others claim that it is not a true Revenge Tragedy.... Continue reading "Influence and Themes of English Revenge Tragedy" »

Balance Sheet Structure

Assets

Non-Current Assets

• Intangible Assets (Industrial property less Accumulated depreciation of intangible property)
• Property, Plant and Equipment (Buildings, furniture, and technical equipment less Accumulated depreciation)
• Investment Property (Investment buildings less Accumulated depreciation and Impairment of investment property)
• Non-Current Financial Assets (Non-current investments in equity instruments)
• Deferred Tax Assets

Current Assets

• Inventories (Merchandise less Impairment of merchandise plus Advances to suppliers)
• Trade and Other Receivables (Trade receivables, other receivables, and tax receivables less Impairment of trade receivables)
• Other Current Assets (Prepaid expenses)
• Current Financial Investments (Receivables

Key Vocabulary: English and Spanish Equivalents

This section provides essential vocabulary related to social issues, actions, and digital communication.

Social Issues and Economic Terms

• Hunger - Hambre
• Inequality - Desigualdad
• Shelter - Refugio
• Slum - Barrio bajo
• Unemployment - Sin trabajo / Desempleo
• Wage - Sueldo

Verbs and Actions

• Bother - Molestar
• Charge - Cargo
• Drop out - Abandonar
• Overcome - Superar
• Rush (over) - Prisa sobre
• Go on strike - Ponerse en huelga
• Make sure - Asegurarse
• Support a cause - Apoyar una causa
• Take action - Tomar medidas
• Reject - Rechazar
• Remove - Eliminar
• Update - Actualizar
• Get rid of - Deshacerse de
• Accomplish - Lograr
• Disappoint - Decepcionar
• Grow up - Crecer
• Hang out - Pasar el rato
• Misunderstand - Malinterpretar
• Rise - Subir
• Wander - Andar

PREGUNTAS:

IS YOUNGER BETTER?

Two central ideas which lie behind the popular assumption that 'younger is better' are:

1. the widely-held view that since young children learn their mother tongue so quickly and effectively, they will be able to pick up a foreign language in the same way, without ever having to make any real effort.
2. the concept of a critical or sensitive period, an idea developed around the mid-20th century of a 'magic' period in children's lives (usually identified as up to the age of about 12) after which their brains lose plasticity and they are no longer capable of learning another language so effectively.

THE MOTHER TONGUE

In the case of mother tongue acquisition, children are learning language at the same time as they are discovering who they... Continue reading "Language Learning in Young Children: Myths and Realities" »

Foundational Principles in Foreign Language Education

Evolving FL Curricular Goals and Approaches

Traditionally, Foreign Language (FL) curricular goals focused on linguistic principles and concepts for students to learn and apply. At present, in consonance with the Common European Framework (CEFR), FL goals are oriented towards the development of not only concepts, but also principles and facts, encompassing a broader range of skills and knowledge.

Integrating Cross-Curricular Content in FL Teaching

The teaching and learning of a Foreign Language provides excellent opportunities to introduce other curricular contents, contributing to a more comprehensive education. Various areas can receive attention within the FL classroom.

Effective Classroom

Songs, Rhymes, and Chants for Language Learning

Children love songs, rhymes, and chants. Their repetitive nature and rhythm make them an ideal vehicle for language learning. Their usefulness is recognized by their inclusion in most language programs, and every primary school teacher will have their favorites.

Why Use Songs, Rhymes, and Chants?

This list of benefits for language learning has been grouped together under the main objectives of most language teaching programs:

• A linguistic resource.
• A psychological/affective resource.
• A cognitive resource.
• A cultural resource.
• A social resource.

Pronunciation Benefits

Songs, rhymes, and chants are particularly useful for practicing pronunciation. This includes individual sounds and sounds in connected speech,... Continue reading "Primary Language Education: Songs, Storybooks, and Spanish Curriculum" »