Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for University

Realism

Key Aspects of Realism

• Observation of human behavior
• Contemporary settings and time periods
• Realism reflected in theatre design

Unsavory Social Topics in Realism

• Poverty
• Disease
• Prostitution
• Illegitimate children

Henrik Ibsen: The Father of Modern Drama

• Challenged moral values and social norms
• Wrote Ghosts, Hedda Gabler, An Enemy of the People, and A Doll's House
• A Doll's House: "The slam heard around the world"

The Box Set: A New Style of Realism

• True-to-life interiors
• Full settings of rooms
• Fourth wall

The Box Set: Imaginary

Naturalism: A Slice of Life

• Documentary of everyday life

Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen: The First Director

Moscow Art Theatre

• Constantin Stanislavski (Founder)
• Anton Chekhov (Head Playwright)

The Stanislavski System: The ABCs of Acting

• An

As the title makes plain, Thomson argues that abortion is not impermissible. More precisely, she argues for the conclusion that abortion is sometimes permissible; she grants that there are scenarios in which obtaining an abortion would be immoral. What is especially novel is the manner in which Thomson constructs her argument. She begins the essay by pointing out that the debate over abortion seems to many people to hinge on whether or not the fetus is a person. Most feel that if we could only determine the answer to that puzzle, the implications for abortion would be clear; namely, that if fetuses are persons then abortions must be impermissible, and that if fetuses are not persons then abortions must be permissible. Thomson, though, thinks

Judith Jarvis Thomson's Defense of Abortion

Judith Jarvis Thomson, in her seminal essay "A Defense of Abortion," begins by granting, for the sake of argument, the premise that a human embryo is a person.

She then challenges the notion that one can effectively argue from this premise to the conclusion that all abortion is morally impermissible.

Thomson asserts that the Basic Argument (a term used by the author of this summary, not Thomson herself) fails to justify the idea that all abortion is morally impermissible.

Thomson's Philosophical Project

The Basic Argument Against Abortion

• The fetus is a person, and every person has a right to life.
• Therefore, the fetus has a right to life.
• The mother has a right to decide what happens in and to her body.
• But

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Descriptive Statistics

Descriptive statistics involve organizing, summarizing, and presenting data. This can include using:

• Graphs
• Frequencies
• Tables

Inferential Statistics

Inferential statistics involve drawing conclusions from data.

Example: Fitness Center Data Analysis

A fitness center wants to know the average time clients exercise each week.

Key Concepts:

• Population: All clients in the fitness center
• Sample: A group of clients from the fitness center
• Parameter: Population mean amount of time clients exercise each week
• Statistic: Sample mean amount of time clients exercise each week
• Variable (X): The amount of time one client exercises in the center each week
• Data: Values for X (e.g., 4 hours, 6 hours, 10 hours)

Important

Countries and Nationalities

England - English

Denmark - Danish

Finland - Finnish

Poland - Polish

Spain - Spanish

Sweden - Swedish

Turkey - Turkish

Scotland - Scottish

Ireland - Irish

China - Chinese

Japan - Japanese

Portugal - Portuguese

Lebanon - Lebanese

French - French

Greece - Greek

Netherlands - Dutch

Switzerland - Swiss

Thailand - Thai

New Zealand - Kiwi

Pakistan - Pakistani

Czech Republic - Czech

Israel - Israeli

Iraq - Iraqi

Cyprus - Cypriot

Oman - Omani

Philippines - Filipino

Possessive Pronouns

• I = my
• You = your
• He = his
• She = her
• It = its
• We = our
• They = their

Family Members

• Aunt - tia
• Uncle - tio
• Cousin - Primo/a
• Daughter - Hija
• Son - Hijo
• Sister - Hermana
• Brother - hermano
• Mother - madre
• Father - padre
• Grandfather - abuelo
• Grandmother - abuela
• Niece - sobrino
• Nephew - sobrina
• Wife

Essential English for Travel and Socializing

Common Phrasal Verbs

• Go out: salir fuera
• Freshen up: lavarse
• Eat out: comer fuera
• Check in: registrarse
• Meet up with: quedar con alguien
• Show someone around: To act as a guide for someone in a new place; enseñar un lugar.
• Pick someone up: To collect someone, typically in a vehicle; recoger a alguien.
• Drop someone off: To take someone to a place and leave them there; dejar a alguien.

Useful Travel Nouns

• Sightseeing: Visiting interesting buildings and places as a tourist.
• Conference: A large meeting where people with the same work or interest come together.
• Venue: The place where a conference or a big event is held.
• Facilities: Space, equipment, and services provided.
• Nightlife: Things to do in the evening.

Vocabulary

Degradation of Purine Nucleotides + 50. Synthesis of Uric Acid and Its Secretion. Hyperuricaemia (Gout) - p.298

Digestion of dietary NA (dietary nucleotides):

• Small intestine: Pancreatic enzymes hydrolyze the NAs to nucleotides
• Inside mucosal cells: Degradation of purine nucleotides to nucleosides, free bases, and uric acid as end product

Degradation of de novo nucleotides:

• In liver
• Free bases are sent out from the liver and sent to peripheral tissues for salvage

Degradation of Dietary Nucleic Acids in the Small Intestine:

a) Ribonucleases and deoxyribonucleases (secreted by pancreas) hydrolyze dietary RNA and DNA to oligonucleotides

b) Pancreatic Phosphodiesterases produce a mixture of mononucleotides

c) Intestinal mucosal cells: Nucleotidases remove... Continue reading "Purine Nucleotide Degradation and Uric Acid Synthesis" »

Student Language Proficiency & Personal Narratives

Assessment Results: Language & Comprehension

Assessment Set 1

Listening: (d, b, c, c)
Use of Language: (b, c, d, b, a, c, a, c, b, b)
Reading: (b, c, d, a, d)

Assessment Set 2

Listening: (c, b, d, c)
Use of Language: (c, c, b, b, b, b, b, b, b, a)
Reading: (c, a, b, c, c)

Assessment Set 3

Listening: (b, a, b, b)
Use of Language: (a, c, b, c, b, b, c, d, d, c, b)
Reading: (d, a, e, b, c)

Student Writing Samples

Writing Sample 1: Summer Vacation

Last summer vacation, I went to the beach with my family. They came from another town. We went to Mahahual, in Quintana Roo. It's a magical and very natural place. Because I practice kiteboarding, I enjoyed my favorite sport there. We only spent one night in... Continue reading "Student Language Proficiency: Writing & Comprehension Samples" »

Audio-Lingual Method

The Audio-Lingual Method is based on behaviorist ideology, which professes that certain traits of living things, and in this case, humans, could be trained through a system of reinforcement. Correct use of a trait would receive positive feedback, while incorrect use of that trait would receive negative feedback.

Aims of the Audio-Lingual Method

1. To enable students to use the target language communicatively and automatically without stopping to think.
2. To help students acquire the structural patterns of the language.

Principles of the Audio-Lingual Method

1. Instructions are given in the target language.
2. Language forms occur within a context.
3. Students' native language interferes as little as possible with the students' attempts to acquire

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks