Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for University

Inchoate Crimes: An Overview

Definition

Inchoate crimes, also known as incomplete crimes, are actions that are not crimes in themselves but occur in conjunction with other crimes. Examples include attempted murder and conspiracy to commit robbery.

Types of Inchoate Crimes

Conspiracy

Conspiracy is the oldest inchoate crime. It involves an agreement between two or more people to commit an unlawful act. The purpose of conspiracy laws is to prevent and punish criminal partnerships from attempting substantive offenses.

Elements of Conspiracy:

1. Agreement between two or more people
2. Intent to commit a crime
3. Overt act by any co-conspirator in furtherance of the conspiracy

The overt act need not be criminal but only needs to carry the project forward.

Conspiracy... Continue reading "Inchoate Crimes: Conspiracy, Attempt, Solicitation, and More" »

Calendar-based: When your plan matches your calendar. For example, you start in January, aim to complete your vision in February, establish your goals in March, etc. The deadlines are important, but you can be more flexible.

Theme-based: This is used when your strategy has specific themes that would be logical to deliver together. For example, a new training program and online chat technology.

Business-based: Aligning your strategic plan with the overall business goals.

SMART:

• Specific: It should be clear what needs to be achieved for the action plan to be met.
• Measurable: A clear measure so that everyone involved knows when the plan has to be done.
• Attainable: Setting action plans that are realistic.
• Relevant: The action plan has to be relevant to

Resistors

• Longer side on positive
• Limit current through circuit
• Measured in ohms (Ω)

Voltage, Current, and Resistance

• Voltage (V): Exerted force to push electricity
• Current (I): Amount of electricity pushed (measured in Amps)
• Resistance (R): Constraints on the flow of electricity
• V = I*R, R=V/I, I=V/R

Diodes

• Act as stop-gap gates
• Ensure electron flow in intended direction

Motors

• Regular DC motors: Spin at various speeds
• Servo motors: Directional control, moving arm from controllable positions

Serial Communications

• Used to print values to Serial Monitor
• Good for troubleshooting

LEDs

• Light Emitting Diodes
• Light up when required forward voltage is found
• Intensity of light depends on current flow

Photodiodes

• Trip to reception of light, not emission of it
• Basics of solar

Week 4 and 5: Zoonotics and Climate Change

What is a vector-borne disease?

Vector-borne diseases are human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses, and bacteria that are transmitted by mosquitoes, sandflies, triatomine bugs, blackflies, ticks, tsetse flies, mites, snails, and lice. Know some examples of common vector-borne diseases such as cholera, dengue, and malaria. Be able to name a few common vectors (mosquitos, ticks, fleas) and a disease they carry.

Difference between direct and indirect modes of transmission

Indirect has a vector.

Role of Climate Change on Vector-Borne Diseases

Week 6: Toxic Metals: CERCLA and Superfund Sites

Clean up of waste sites. Toxic and hazardous and radioactive. Superfund is a United States federal government program... Continue reading "Vector-Borne Diseases, Toxic Metals, Pesticides, and Air Pollution" »

The transmission view of communication

The transmission view of communication is the commonest in our culture--perhaps in all industrial cultures--and dominates contemporary dictionary entries under the term. It is defined by terms such as "imparting," "sending," "transmitting," or "giving information to others." It is formed from a metaphor of geography or transportation. In the nineteenth century but to a lesser extent today, the movement of goods or people and the movement of information were seen as essentially identical processes and both were described by the common noun "communication." The center of this idea of communication is the transmission of signals or messages over distance for the purpose of control. It is a view of communication

^{Lazarsfeld's theory:}

The two-step flow of communication model hypothesizes that ideas flow from mass media to opinion leaders, and from them to a wider population. It was first introduced by sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld et al. in 1944[4] and elaborated by Elihu Katz and Lazarsfeld in 1955[5] and subsequent publications.[6] Lowery and DeFleur argue the book was much more than a simple research report: it was an effort to interpret the authors' research within a framework of conceptual schemes, theoretical issues, and research findings drawn broadly from the scientific study of small groups [7] Unlike the hypodermic needle model, which considers mass media effects to be direct, the two-step flow model stresses human agency.

For example, in the field... Continue reading "Lazarsfeld's Two-Step Flow Theory of Mass Communication" »

The Viral Sensation of Ariana Grande's 'Thank U, Next'

Ariana Grande's hit song 'Thank U, Next' has become a cultural phenomenon, spawning numerous memes and trends across social media platforms. The song's lyrics, which detail Grande's experiences with past relationships and exes, struck a chord with listeners and sparked a wave of creativity.

'One Taught Me Love, One Taught Me Patience, and One Taught Me Pain'

One of the most popular memes emerged from the pre-chorus lyrics: 'One taught me love, one taught me patience, and one taught me pain.' Twitter users began sharing three images representing individuals or characters who taught them these valuable lessons, often using pop culture references for a humorous twist.

Examples and Variations

• The

Understanding Electrical Safety and Protection

The physiological effects and after-effects of electric current are determined by several critical factors:

• Type of current
• Current magnitude
• Frequency
• Duration of current passing through the body
• Resistance of the human body
• The insulation properties of the skin

Conductor Identification: Notation and Colors

Proper identification of conductors is crucial for electrical safety. Here are the standard notations and colors for insulated conductors:

• Working Conductor: Wire of the current system for power supply and energy transmission. Colors: Black, Brown, and Grey.
• Neutral Conductor: Wire connected to the source node, which contributes to energy transmission. Color: Light Blue.
• Protective Conductor: Wire required

1. Visibility of System Status

The system should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate feedback within a reasonable time.

2. Match Between System and the Real World

The system should speak the user's language, with words, phrases, and concepts familiar to the user, rather than system-oriented terms. Follow real-world conventions, making information appear in a natural and logical order.

3. User Control and Freedom

Users often choose system functions by mistake and will need a clearly marked "emergency exit" to leave the unwanted state without having to go through an extended dialogue. Support undo and redo.

4. Consistency and Standards

Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions... Continue reading "10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design" »