Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Teaching & Education for Baccalaureate

Lesson 4

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Auction: Subasta
Pristine: Virgen
Drilling: Perforación
Bid: Puja

Words from the Text

-Freedom: Libertad
-Unexpected: Inesperado
-Wilderness: Tierra salvaje
-Court: Juzgado
-Outspoken: Declarado
-Trial: Juicio
-Guilty: Culpable

Logical Connection

-Activist: Activista
-Treasure: Tesoro
-Faces: Afrontar
-Approached: Acercarse
-In shock: Impactado
-Convicted: Condenado
-Regret: Lamentar
-Charged with: Acusado de

The Negative Meaning: un-, dis-, im-, in- or il-

-Unspoilt: En su estado natural
-Dishonest: Poco honrado
-Incomplete: Incompleto
-Illegal: Ilegal
-Impolite: Mala educación
-Inactive: Inactivo
-Disapprove: Estar en contra de
-Unbelievable: Increíble

Specific Meanings: inter-, over-, under-, re- and mis-

-Overpopulated: Superpoblado
-Misunderstand:... Continue reading "English Vocabulary Lesson 4: Reading, Environment and Word Formation" »

Evaluating Vocabulary in Coursebooks

Teachers should consider the following steps when evaluating vocabulary in a coursebook:

• Aims: Evaluate in relation to vocabulary.
• Lexicon and Methodology: Evaluate the particular lexicon and methodology.
• Selection: Does the book explain its vocabulary selection?
• Presentation: How is vocabulary presented?
• Retention: Is there a focus on how words are retained?
• Teacher Support: How much guidance does the teacher's book give on techniques for teaching meaning?

Resources for Vocabulary Teaching

• Good monolingual dictionaries
• A bank of word puzzles
• Topic-based crosswords
• A visual aids library

Teaching Grammar Effectively

Key Considerations for Grammar Instruction

• Grammar is necessary to express precise meanings in discourse.

The Environment (Ingurugiroa)

Nouns

• Air pollution (aire kontaminazioa)
• Chemicals (produkto kimikoak)
• Conservation (zainketa)
• Deforestation (deforestazioa)
• Exhaust fumes (ihes kea)
• Increase (handitu / hazkundea)
• Land pollution (lur kutxadura)
• Landfill (lur beteak)
• Litter (zaborra)
• Nuclear power (energia nuklearra)
• Oil spill (petrolio-isurketa)
• Petrol (petrolioa)
• Pollutant (kutsagarria)
• Rubbish (zaborra)
• Smoke (gas, kea)
• Toxic waste (hondakin toxikoak)
• Water pollution (ur kontaminatua)
• Ecological disaster (desastre ekologikoa)

Verbs

• Care about (zaintzeko buruz / arduratu)
• Cut down (moztu)
• Damage (kalteak eragin / kaltea)
• Decompose (deskonposatzea)
• Destroy (suntsitu)
• Harm (kaltea)
• Increase (hazkundea / handitu)
• Protect (babestu)
• Recycle (birziklatu)
• Save (aurreztu / salbatu)

Types of Conjunctions in Spanish

Coordinate Conjunctions

These connect elements of equal grammatical rank.

• Juxtaposed: I came, I saw, I conquered
• Coordinated (P1 - P2)
• Copulative: (y, e) Example: John studied and Anna works
• Adversative: (pero, mas, sin embargo) Example: We played well but lost
• Disjunctive: (o, u) Example: Either you come or stay
• Distributional: (ya...ya, bien...bien, unos...otros) Example: Some are playing, others do the task

Subordinate Conjunctions

These connect a subordinate clause to a main clause.

Substantive Conjunctions

These act as a noun phrase.

• Substitute for nouns or pronouns
• The conjunction acts as a link
• Subject: Example: I am concerned that I should study hard.
• (CD) Example: Andrew thinks that Carlos was right.
• (CN) Example: We

Aquifers

Aquifers are geological formations and water reservoirs that allow water to be extracted in economically viable quantities, and gas storage. A typical aquifer is a permeable layer of rock at the bottom with an impermeable cap on top, forming a storage cavity for water or gas.

Orography

Orography is the branch of geography that describes and studies the relief of the land.

Serra de Tramuntana (Mountain Range)

The Serra de Tramuntana stretches from the extreme north-west of the island, from Dragonera to Cap de Formentor. It has more than 90 peaks, the highest being Puig Major at 1,445 m, which belongs to the municipality of Escorca. Other notable peaks include:

• Puig de Tossals Verds: 1,047 m (municipality of Escorca)
• Galatzó: 1,027 m (municipality

Environment and Ecology Vocabulary

• Affect: perjudicar, afectar
• Air pollution: contaminació atmosfèrica
• Attitude: postura, actitud
• Care about: preocupar-se, interessar-se per
• Claim: afirmar
• Cloth: roba, drap
• Cut down: tallar, reduir
• Damage: danyar, perjudicar
• Ecological disaster: catàstrofe ecològica
• Environmentally-friendly: respectuós amb el medi ambient
• Exhaust fumes: gasos d'escapament
• Glass: vidre
• Harm: fer malbé, perjudicar
• Heat: escalfar
• Increase: augment, augmentar
• Inhabitant: habitant
• Land pollution: contaminació del sòl / de la terra
• Landfill: abocador
• Litter: escombraries
• Nuclear power: energia nuclear
• Oil spill: abocament / vessament de petroli
• Overcrowded: superpoblat
• Overuse: ús excessiu
• Overvalue: sobrevalorar
• Pollutant: agent contaminant
• Renewable:

Application for Mechanical Design Position

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Personal Information

• Name, Address, Photo, E-mail, Telephone Number

Work Experience

• 02/2017–09/2017:

Appearance: Adjectives

Bald: calvo
Beautiful: precioso
Blond: rubio
Clean-shaven: recién afeitado
Curly: rizado
Dark: oscuro
Fair: claro
Freckled: con pecas
Good-looking: guapo
Handsome: guapo
Scruffy: desaliñado
Shoulder-length: por los hombros
Slim: delgado
Spotty: con granos
Straight: liso
Well-built: fuerte
Wrinkled: arrugado

Appearance: Nouns

Beauty contest: concurso de belleza
Changing room: probador
Image: imagen
Look-alike: doble
Plastic surgery: cirugía plástica
Model: modelo
Outfit: traje
Style: estilo

Personality: Adjectives

Caring: cariñoso
Cheerful: alegre
Deceitful: mentiroso
Dull: soso
Extroverted: extrovertido
Honest: honesto
Interesting: interesante
Modest: modesto
Moody: malhumorado
Patient: paciente
Polite: educado
Rude: maleducado
Selfish: egoísta
Shy: tímido
Vain:

Shopping

Shopping:

• afford: permetre's
• auction: subhasta
• bargain: ganga
• boutique: boutique
• brand: marca
• browse: fer un cop d'ull
• cashier: caixer/a
• changing room: emprovador
• charity shop: botiga benèfica
• customer: client/a
• deliver: entregar
• department store: grans magatzems
• exchange: canviar
• get a discount: obtenir un descompte
• order: demanar
• pay in cash/by credit card: pagar en metàlic
• personal shopper: assessor de compres
• rip sb off: estafar
• sales: rebaixes
• sales assistant: dependent
• save up: estalviar
• second-hand: de segona mà
• shopping trip: viatge de compres
• sweatshop: fàbrica clandestina
• take sth back: tornar alguna cosa
• try sth on: emprovar-se alguna cosa
• try sth out: provar alguna cosa
• window shopping: mirar aparadors

Idioms

• be bitten by the bug: agafar una deria
• be