Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Social sciences

What can be done to protect the environment and reduce global warming?

One of the most serious problems for humanity in recent years has been the search for a solution to environmental pollution and global warming.

I think that, although most manufacturers of products related to plastics are trying to stop the damage we do to our planet by developing environmentally-friendly activities, it's not enough for a real change.

The main guilty of this situation are the politicians because they should set standards for the manufacture of plastics and find other materials more eco-friendly to substitute it, for example. This would work because everyone would feel obligated to comply.

Many people argue that we're all guilty but what they don't realise is... Continue reading "Protecting the Environment and Reducing Global Warming" »

Communication in Early Childhood Education

Body Language

(Ribas Antuña: 2011) Body language is specifically mentioned in the Infant Curriculum. When learning a foreign language, our body is essential. Images and realia materials are extremely important in the teaching-learning process. Our body, one of the main elements of non-verbal communication, is also a means to make our pupils conscious of shapes, spaces, and objects. Pointing out is absolutely important. By using our body without speaking, students can make associations between English names and objects, parts of the body, etc. Our body is also a means and a tool for dramatization activities.

Verbal Communication

• Set of signs
• Oral or written communication in its multiple forms
• Convention

Teamwork: Roles and Responsibilities

Brain

The Brain is the problem-solver and the go-to person for questions. They are the most decisive and intelligent member of the team.

Coordinator

The Coordinator directs the team's workflow, schedules meetings, and divides tasks among groups. They also resolve group dynamic issues and ensure smooth operations.

Resource Investigator

Resource Investigators explore ideas and report their findings from outside the group. They are skilled at establishing external contacts and conducting negotiations.

Impulsor

Impulsors are action-oriented individuals who motivate themselves and others, even in challenging situations. They are quick to find solutions during crises.

Monitor Evaluator

Monitor Evaluators are rational thinkers... Continue reading "Effective Teamwork: Roles, Agreements & Decision-Making" »

20)plurilingualism and multilingualism? This two terms are used to describe situations in which individuals or communities have proficiency in multiple languages. Although they are often used in the same way, they have some differences. -Plurilingualism refers to an individual's mastery or competence in a multiple language. It implies that the person is able to use and comprehend several languages fluently and efficiently. It highlights an individual's ability to communicate in different languages. -Multilingualis refers to the presence and use of multiple languages in a community. It refers to the coexistence of different languages in a given environment, where people should use more than one language in their daily lives. It is more about... Continue reading "Understanding Plurilingualism and Multilingualism: A Comprehensive Approach" »

1. Conservatism, Liberalism, Socialism, and Communism Explained

Conservatism (1815-1860)

• Conservatism is a political and social philosophy promoting traditional social institutions in the context of culture and civilization. The central tenets of conservatism include tradition, human imperfection, organic solidarity, hierarchy, authority, and property rights.
• Human beings are better off when guided and sheltered by authority.
• It is opposed to the ideals of Liberalism and Socialism.
• Highest goods: stability, security, order.
• Free individuals are willing to sin.
• Enemy: those seeking freedom from tradition.
• Social stability requires physical force.
• During the Continental System, France demanded money and men from dependent countries in Europe. Europeans

How Does the State Participate in the Economy?

United States of America

The State does not participate in regulating the market and economy. For example, in the USA, there is no minimum salary approved by law or severance pay if someone is dismissed.

Sweden

The State participates in regulating the basic economic and labor issues. For example, there is a minimum salary approved by law and severance pay if you are dismissed.

Cuba

The State regulates nearly all aspects that affect citizens, such as salaries and the prices of basic products.

Is Civil Society Involved in the Welfare State?

United States of America

There are plenty of civil society associations to help needy citizens because their basic needs are not covered at all. This service is given... Continue reading "State Participation in the Economy: USA, Sweden, Cuba" »

Intercultural Communication: Bridging Cultural Differences

Intercultural communication is the study and practice of communication across diverse cultural contexts. It encompasses both domestic cultural differences (e.g., ethnicity and gender) and international differences (e.g., nationality and world region). This approach to communication emphasizes recognizing and respecting cultural differences, striving for mutual adaptation and biculturalism (rather than assimilation), and fostering intercultural sensitivity in individuals and organizations. The ultimate goal is to achieve empathic understanding and competent coordination across cultures.

Defining Communication and Cultural Context

The following sections delve deeper into the definitions... Continue reading "Understanding Intercultural Communication: A Comprehensive Guide" »

Syllabus

Recall

Live Performances

Audible

Chords

Composes

Jam Session

Playable

Musical Masterpiece

Took Up

Release (Unplugged)

Jingle (Composer)

Lyrics

Tunes

Easy Listening

Gig (Chorus)

Cognitive Benefits

Tone Deaf

Vocals (Conductor)

Background Music

Choir (Deafening)

Acoustic

Airplay

Recorded

Musical Store

Useful Phrases

• To name just a few / Give just a few
• Can well / May well
• Fighting for survival / Fighting for living
• Tell the difference / Say the difference between
• With the path / With the aim

Music Vocabulary

Positive Connotations

• Familiar
• Invested
• Has benefits
• Music to my ears
• Boost
• Soothing
• As fit as a fiddle
• Significantly
• Purchase
• Ring a bell
• Factor
• Consultant
• Evidence
• Target customers
• Has an ear for music
• Source
• Chain of shops
• Available
• Crafted

Negative Connotations

• Has a negative attitude
• Don'

Cultural Differences

Cultural differences can affect the communication process because they often influence how the message is transmitted and received. Effective communication with people from different cultures is especially challenging. Cultures provide people with ways of thinking, seeing, hearing, and interpreting the world.

The same words can mean different things to people from different cultures, even when they speak the "same" language. It is almost impossible for everyone to share the same ideas or opinions because everyone comes from different cultural contexts, and these contexts influence our relationship with the world.

When languages differ and translation is necessary for communication, the potential for misunderstandings increases.... Continue reading "The Impact of Cultural Differences on Communication" »

What is Anthropology? What are the sub-disciplines of Anthropology?

Anthropology - the study of the human species and its immediate ancestors

Subdisciplines (CABL)

Cultural - study of human society and culture. Analyzes, interprets, and social and cultural similarities and differences. Ex: ethnography (field work) - live in small communities and study behavior, belief, custom, social life, economic activities, politics, and religion. Ethnology (based on cross-cultural comparison) - examines, compares, analyzes, and interprets results of ethnography and archaeology to compare similarities and differences.

Archaeological - reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior and cultural patterns through material remains (tools, weapons, garbage,... Continue reading "Introduction to Anthropology: Sub-disciplines and Concepts" »