Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Social sciences

Slide 1: Remembering the Good and Bad Times at 11

Slide 1: Remember the good and bad times when you were 11 years old? (rhetorical question) Well, Today's presentation will give you deeper insight into the key messages behind the documentary of 'I am Eleven', commentary by Genevieve Bailey. My ideas, opinion and explanations of elements in the documentary connected to my personal life will be expressed. I will share some of my thoughts and experiences as an 11-year-old and how it has changed the way I am today.

Slide 2: Shifting to Australia at 11

Slide 2: First of all, shifting to Australia at the age of 11 was a difficult process. There was a lot of new things to discover and experiencing these moments, meeting new people and getting used to... Continue reading "Insights into 'I am Eleven' Documentary and Personal Reflections" »

Types of Power

• Coercive power: Dependent on fear.
• Reward power: Occurs when people go along with the wishes or directives of others if doing so produces positive benefits.
• Legitimate power: The power a person has because of their position in the formal hierarchy of an organization.
• Expert power: Based on expertise, special skills, or knowledge.
• Referent power: Comes from admiration of another and a desire to be liked by that person.

Expected Reactions to Power

• Resistance: Coercive
• Compliance: Reward, Legitimate
• Commitment: Expert, Referent

Dependency: The Key to Power

Dependency is central to understanding power: the greater B's dependency on A, the greater the power A has over B.

Important / Scarce / Cannot be substituted

Influence Tactics

• Rational persuasion
• Inspirational

The Aim of Art and Theatre in Pygmalion

According to George Bernard Shaw's Preface, Pygmalion succeeds as didactic art, demonstrating that art and theatre can be used to teach.

The Relevance of Phonetics

In Act I, the Note Taker explains to Colonel Pickering that phonetics is crucial because speech reveals a person's origins and many aspects of their identity.

Eliza's Motivation

Eliza seeks lessons from Professor Higgins to improve her pronunciation. She believes proper speech is essential for her dream of opening a flower shop.

The Bet and Conflict

Higgins bets he can transform Eliza into a refined lady within six months. Pickering agrees to cover the expenses if Higgins succeeds. This bet becomes a source of conflict because Higgins and Pickering... Continue reading "Pygmalion: Analysis of Themes and Characters" »

The construction of the other. Who is the other? is the subject of analysis of anthropology, the native. The other we have learned does not exist objectively, detached from the values, objectives, intentions of the observer. We have argued that values (ways in which people understand the world around them) are socially constructed (they are products of specific cultures, times and places). The idea of progress, is a typical Western Europeans already present in the classical world of Rome and Athens but refined during Renaissance and culminating with the Industrial Revolution and its underlining geopolitical structure- central state and colonialism/imperialism. Such a cultural primacy was originally justified by theories (ways to understand... Continue reading "The Construction of the Other: A Postcolonial Critique" »

Globalism

Globalism is a philosophy that views the world as a single, interconnected community. It advocates for political and economic unification on a global scale.

United Nations (UN)

The United Nations is a prominent global organization dedicated to promoting world peace and economic prosperity.

General Assembly

The General Assembly is a principal organ of the UN where representatives from member countries discuss international issues and make recommendations for action. It cannot enact laws but determines the UN's budget.

Security Council

The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security. It has five permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and ten elected members.... Continue reading "Global Governance: Key Institutions and Agreements" »

Every day Trump is the center of the news

1. Every day Trump is the center of the news as he has started a political debate in which he has been responsible for generating controversy every time he makes public statements, not taking into account that each of these statements are orders that violate multiple human rights in many parts of the world. In his words he said that he would "unite the civilized world against radical Islamic terrorism, that we will eradicate it from the face of the Earth." (Trump, Times).

The arrival of Donald Trump to power is a challenge for international relations

1 The arrival of Donald Trump to power is a challenge for international relations. His vision of a new future for the United States will redesign the international

Explain the universalistic and contingency approaches to human resource strategy, including key characteristics of the commitment strategy.

Researchers have taken two basic approaches in investigating human resource patterns:

The Effects of Race on Wrongful Convictions

Black suspects are rarely given the benefit of the doubt by juries or judges, and they are often assumed to be criminals or have criminal tendencies. This is seen in the disparity in sentences between a black and a white man who committed the same crime. The black men usually get the maximum possible sentence while the white guys get a minor sentencing. The data shows that black men can be up to 22 times more likely to receive the death than a white man, regardless of culpability. Also, in cases where eyewitness testimony is required, black people are at a disadvantage if the witness is white because biologically we pay less attention to faces of other races.

Murder on a Sunday Morning

The thing that... Continue reading "The Effects of Race on Wrongful Convictions and White Privilege in US Society" »

Features of Non-Formal Education

• Centralization of the process on the student, based on their needs and possibilities.
• Immediate usefulness of education for personal and professional growth.
• Flexibility in procedures, objectives, and content.
• Quick reaction to changes affecting student and community needs.

School Autonomy Scenarios

School autonomy is granted under different scenarios:

1. General regulations covering a wide range of aspects of the school system.
2. Specific legislation designed for school autonomy.
3. Flexible administrative regulations issued by executive bodies.

Types of School Autonomy

• Full autonomy: Decisions within the law, without external intervention.
• Limited autonomy: Decisions within predetermined options or with higher authority approval.

As a start, language has dichotomy, it can be divided into competence and performance regarding Chomsky's appreciation. Competence refers to a psychological system, not a set of conventions in a community of speakers. It is the individual speaker's knowledge of their system, while performance is the actual use of language. This suggests that the ability to make judgments of grammaticality is one thing, and performance is another. The former depends on competence. We all make occasional performance errors of various types, such as repetitions or stops by hesitations. The causes are multifarious. Even if you are competent in your language, you can make performance errors caused by tiredness, time pressure, and other external factors. We must