Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Social sciences

DEFINITIONS

DICTATORSHIP: The political system where the authority rules without any limits.

OLIGARCHY: The political system where the power is controlled by a small group.

REPUBLIC: The political system where the head of the state is elected.

MONARCHY: The political system where the head of the state is a king or queen.

DEMOCRACY

Definition: A political system in which people choose the representation, the leaders, the government voting. A form of government in which the supreme power is in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system.

Main characteristics (agree on them first): Equality, freedom, power division, and representatives

Explanation of the characteristics (short paragraph and an example)

IS YOUNGER BETTER?

Two central ideas which lie behind the popular assumption that 'younger is better' are:

1. the widely-held view that since young children learn their mother tongue so quickly and effectively, they will be able to pick up a foreign language in the same way, without ever having to make any real effort.
2. the concept of a critical or sensitive period, an idea developed around the mid-20th century of a 'magic' period in children's lives (usually identified as up to the age of about 12) after which their brains lose plasticity and they are no longer capable of learning another language so effectively.

THE MOTHER TONGUE

In the case of mother tongue acquisition, children are learning language at the same time as they are discovering who they... Continue reading "Language Learning in Young Children: Myths and Realities" »

The human right is a very sensitive issue, since in many countries this is not tolerated as it should be, or there are still cases of violation of the human rights of many people.

It is a subject that includes many perspectives and opinions of people, such as freedom of expression, social freedom, racism, peace, love, etc.

I believe that we should all have knowledge of them, since we treat them day by day, as for example the equality of gender, is something that is being treated at present.

We are all the same, we are women or men, no one is superior, however, there are people who question it, as well as many other rights.

Matthew Arnold's Touchstone Theory in Literary Criticism

The kind of poetry capable of sustaining the responsibility of leading society, according to Matthew Arnold, should possess high seriousness. It ought to be a solemn form of poetry, not comic, and reflective of Victorian ideals. Arnold introduced the concept of touchstones to evaluate such poetry.

Defining the Touchstone Theory

A touchstone is traditionally an instrument used to determine the quality of something. When Matthew Arnold discusses touchstones, he employs a metaphor referring to a set of criteria. With these criteria, one can apply them to poems to assess their function and quality. He identified three types of literary estimates:

• Personal Estimate: Based on individual feelings,

What is quality management?

Quality management does not aim to assure good quality, but rather to ensure that an organization or product is consistent. It has four main components:

• quality planning
• quality control
• quality assurance (garantía)
• quality improvement

Its principles include meeting customer requirements, leadership and involvement of people, understanding and managing all interrelated processes as a system, continual improvement, and making decisions based on data analysis and information.

Quality Management in Construction Projects

Quality refers to products or services, while quality management refers to processes. According to the ISO 9000 standards, all projects should have their own audited quality management systems. Every project... Continue reading "Quality Management in Construction Projects: Essential Components and Principles" »

Power

It can be Defined as the production of intended effects and the ability to make a Difference to the world. Difficult to identify as it involves various types of Relationships, which can be revealed in crisis and is liable to sudden shifts – Between different entities & Hard to collect data to compare with other types & Keeps changing. Capacity to prevail in open conflict – war & Capacity To control agenda – structural power & Capacity to shape view of world. Economic: Control over productive resources & Military: Control over armed force & Political: ability to regulate social life & Ideological: capacity to Shape beliefs and preferences. Hard power: Includes military & Economic Power, anything that

Process of Scientific Research

Following is the general process of scientific research

1. Sensing or realizing a problem
2. Problem Identification
3. Theoretical framework
4. Formulation of hypothesis
5. Research design
6. Collection of data
7. Analysis of data
8. Generalization and interpretation

Explanation of points

1. Sensing or realizing a problem
   Generally, research is conducted to solve the problem. There are several problems in our environment. Some problems affect the environment. Hence, one has to observe the situation and then sense or realize the problem.
2. Problem Identification
   There are many problems in our environment. We must have sense to identify the problem which are affecting our environment. Only symptoms do not indicate the problem. So, in this step, the researcher

What is the Museo Diffuso of Testaccio and how does it compare with the approach to cultural heritage studied in relation to the Forum and the Aqueducts?

Museo Diffuso of Testaccio is a defused museum throughout the neighborhood of Testaccio. It is compared in the way it took a different approach to preserving cultural heritage when compared to the Forum and the Aqueducts. The Museo is a part of the neighborhood, and they preserved cultural artifacts while leaving them in their real context (surroundings that exist around a particular area). When looking at the Forum and Aqueducts, it can be seen that it follows de-contextualization in that it shows the artifacts in isolation from their context.

Why is showing Cultural Heritage in its appropriate

First Actions and Repression (1959-1961)

From 1959 to 1968, ETA built up an organizational infrastructure and relied on the theoretical tactic of symbolic violence. In 1961, it attempted its first action: On July 18, an unsuccessful attempt was made to derail a series of trains carrying Francoist sympathizers to a rally in San Sebastian to celebrate the anniversary of the military uprising. The Basques were arrested, tortured, and sentenced to jail terms. Others were forced into exile in the French state.

First Assembly and Strategic Shift (1962)

In 1962, the first organizational assembly was held. It was formally agreed that the organization would develop along the lines of an armed national liberation movement. A new wave of industrial protest... Continue reading "ETA's Early Years: Formation and Strategy (1959-1970)" »

Unification and Dissociation of Sensibility

Understanding the Concepts

The terms "unification of sensibility" and "dissociation of sensibility" are closely related but distinct concepts in literary criticism and cognitive philosophy. They explore the relationship between the individual (subject) and the world (object), particularly in the context of poetic expression.

Continuity vs. Discontinuity:

• Continuity: This perspective suggests a seamless connection between the subject and object, where emotions and experiences are directly intertwined with the external world.
• Discontinuity: This view posits a separation between the subject and object, where the individual's thoughts and feelings are distinct from the external stimuli that evoke them.

T.S.