Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Secondary education

Poodle Instantiation Example

B. The Poodle variable myDog is instantiated as a Poodle. The instance variable size is initialized to "toy". An implicit call to the no-argument Dog constructor is made, initializing the instance variable name to "NoName".

Book Instantiation Example

C. Object myBook is created using the one-argument Book constructor, which uses super to set myBook's title attribute to "Adventure Story". Object yourBook is created using super to call the Publication no-argument constructor to set yourBook's title attribute to "Generic".

Tree Instantiation Example

B. Object tree1 is created using the DeciduousTree constructor, which uses super to set tree1's treeVariety attribute to "Oak". Object tree2 is created using the EvergreenTree... Continue reading "Object Instantiation and Code Examples" »

This document presents Java code snippets demonstrating two distinct functionalities: user name generation and management, and a car repair scheduling system. Each section includes method implementations with explanations of their purpose and logic.

User Name Management System

The UserName class is designed to generate and manage potential user names based on a user's first and last names. It also provides functionality to filter out names that are already in use.

UserName Class Constructor

This constructor initializes a UserName object, populating a list of possible user names. It assumes that firstName and lastName are valid strings containing only letters and have a length greater than zero.

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class UserName {

Allegra Byron's Early Life in Venice

Allegra Byron lived with her father, Lord Byron, in a large house called the Palazzo Mocenigo. However, Lord Byron eventually realized that it was not a suitable home for a child. He entrusted Allegra to an English family in Venice. Allegra stayed in Venice for eight months with different families. When Allegra was four years old, Byron sent her to a convent school near Ravenna. Allegra was often cold and lonely there.

Grammar Notes

• Prepositions:
  • In for months (e.g., in May)
  • On for days (e.g., on Monday)
  • At for weekends and specific times (e.g., at the weekend, at 7 o'clock)
• Present Simple: After 'go', use the gerund form (-ing) (e.g., go swimming).
• Do/Does: Use 'do' or 'does' + person + verb for questions (e.g.

Common Characteristics of Machines

• Involve a kind of motion.
• Involve a kind of force.
• Make a job easier to do.
• Need some kind of input to make them work.
• Produce some kind of output.

Basic Types of Motion

• Rotary: Going round and round.
• Oscillating: Swinging backwards and forwards.
• Linear: In a straight line.
• Reciprocating: Backwards and forwards in a straight line.

A machine is a device that helps make work easier to perform.

Mechanical Advantage Defined

Mechanical Advantage: When a machine takes a small input force and increases the magnitude of the output force, a mechanical advantage has been produced.

Conservation of Energy Principle

Conservation of Energy: No machine can produce more work than the amount of work that is put into the machine.

The Six Simple

Concept of Active and Passive Voice

We focus the action of the verb in the subject (active voice) or object (passive).

Examples:

• Active Voice: The porter carries the bags. (The porter carries the bags.)
• Passive Voice: The bags are carried by the porter. (The bags are carried by the porter.)

Grammar Rules

The passive voice is formed using the verb to be + the main verb's past participle.

Table of Verbal Changes: Active to Passive Voice Transformation

Considering the points above, this scheme shows the changes to the tense when transforming an active sentence into a passive sentence. We use the example: to write a letter.

Verb forms for 'to write': write (present) / wrote (past) / written (past participle).

The Global Village: Unity and Disparity

The world has become one big market, but this globalization has not led to the disappearance of differences between the countries of the world. Economic realities highlight stark contrasts:

• Rich countries are dominated by the consumer society and economic welfare.
• Poor countries are subject to the consequences of their poverty, including famine and disease.

Negative consequences of technology and economic globalization include people and cultures becoming less differentiated, leading to the rise of cultural hybrids.

The United Nations: Defender of Rights

The UN is an important defender of human and national rights, but this organization has limited power because real decisions are often taken by a powerful... Continue reading "Global Dynamics: Conflict, Cooperation, and the United Nations" »

1. Simplifying Algebraic Expressions

How to Simplify Algebraic Expressions

• Multiply numbers and letters together.
• Combine like terms (terms with the same letters and powers).

Example:
−2ac × 4bd = −8abcd

Example:
5ab − 8b²a + ba = 5ab − 8ab² + ab = −8ab² + 6ab

2. Expanding Brackets (Distributive Law)

How to Expand Brackets

• Multiply everything inside the bracket by what is outside.

Example:
−4(x + 7) = −4x − 28

Example:
5(x − 3) + 2(6 − x) = 5x − 15 + 12 − 2x = 3x − 3

3. Solving Equations

How to Solve Equations

• Get all variables (e.g., x's) on one side and numbers on the other.
• Perform the same operation on both sides of the equation.

Example:
3x + 2 = 17
3x = 15
x = 5

Example:
9x − 8 = 4x + 7
5x = 15
x = 3

4. Solving Inequalities

How

English Vocabulary: Social Action and Community Engagement

Unit 4: Social Action Vocabulary

• Attend a rally: asistir a una manifestación
• Appeal: recurrir
• Campaign
• Campaigner
• Charity
• Donate / Donation
• Fundraising event: evento para recaudar fondos
• Fundraiser: recaudador de fondos
• Go on a march: ir a una marcha
• Raise awareness of: concienciar / sensibilizar
• Raise funds / money: recaudar fondos
• Sign a petition: firmar una petición
• Sit-in: sentada
• Sponsor: patrocinar
• Sponsorship: patrocinio / apadrinamiento
• Take part in a [cause/event]
• Volunteer
• Voluntary work

Unit 4: Key Collocations

• Animal charity
• Beach clean-up
• Cancer research
• Computer game
• Death penalty
• Endangered species
• Free debate
• Homeless person
• Informed decision
• Political engagement: compromiso político
• Legal age:

Classical Music Era: Forms, Instruments, Reforms

Defining the Classical Period (Mid-18th to Early 19th)

The Classical period in music spans from the mid-18th to the early 19th century, generally marked by the death of J.S. Bach in 1750 and the premiere of Beethoven's Third Symphony, Eroica, in 1805.

Operatic Reforms by Christoph Willibald Gluck

Operatic reforms during the Classical period were primarily led by the composer Christoph Willibald Gluck, who sought to simplify opera and make it more dramatically coherent.

Key Musical Forms of the Classical Period

• Concerto: A musical composition where one solo instrument plays a leading role, accompanied by an orchestra.
• Symphony: A large-scale work of music composed specifically for an orchestra, typically

Uniform Civil Code in India

A common civil code, popularly known as the Uniform Civil Code (UCC), is a long-standing unresolved debate in independent India. This debate stems from Article 44 of the Indian Constitution, contained in Part 4 (Directive Principles of State Policy), which states the state shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a Uniform Civil Code throughout the territory of India. Here, the term Uniform Civil Code (UCC) implies a set of common laws governing marriage, divorce, adoption, inheritance, and other such familial matters which would be applicable to all Indians, irrespective of their religion. Today, the members of each religious community follow their own respective sets of civil laws based on their religious history... Continue reading "Uniform Civil Code in India: History and the Shah Bano Case" »