Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Primary education

Understanding Cannabis: Basics and Composition

Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names,^{[n 1]} is a psychoactive drug derived from the Cannabis plant, primarily intended for medical or recreational use.^[16][17][18] The main psychoactive component of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of 483 known compounds in the plant,^[19] including at least 65 other cannabinoids.^[20]

Methods of Cannabis Consumption

• Smoking
• Vaporizing
• Ingestion (within food)
• As an extract

Effects and Side Effects of Cannabis Use

Cannabis is often used for its mental and physical effects, which include:

• A "high" or "stoned" feeling
• A general change in perception
• Euphoria (heightened mood)
• An increase in appetite

^[21][22]

Onset and Duration of Effects

The onset of effects... Continue reading "Cannabis Explained: Effects, Uses, and Global Status" »

Bangladesh River Flooding: 1998 Case Study

Geographical Context and Vulnerability

Bangladesh is formed by deposition from three major rivers: the Brahmaputra, the Ganges, and the Meghna. Sediment from these and over 50 other rivers forms one of the largest deltas in the world. Up to 80% of the country is located on this delta. As a result, much of the country is just a few meters above sea level and is highly vulnerable to flooding and rising sea levels.

Bangladesh is a densely populated country (an LEDC) with a high population growth rate (nearly 2.7% per annum). Almost all of Bangladesh’s rivers have their source outside of the country. For example, the drainage basin of the Ganges and Brahmaputra covers 1.75 million km² and includes the... Continue reading "Bangladesh River Floods: Causes, Impacts, and Mitigation (1998 Case Study)" »

Understanding Terms of Trade (TOT)

TOT Definition and Calculation

The Terms of Trade (TOT) is an economic indicator that measures the relative prices of a country's exports in relation to its imports. It quantifies the amount of imports a country can obtain per unit of its exports.

The formula for calculating TOT is:

TOT = (Average Price Index of Exports / Average Price Index of Imports) x 100

Interpreting Changes in Terms of Trade

Changes in the TOT indicate shifts in a country's purchasing power in international trade:

• TOT Improves / More Favorable: This occurs when export prices rise relatively to import prices. The country is then able to exchange the same amount of exports for a greater quantity of imports. This generally signifies an increase

Comparative Advantage and Trade

Absolute vs. Comparative Advantage

Absolute advantage occurs when a country can produce more of a good with the same resources or produce the same good with fewer resources (higher efficiency). Comparative advantage exists when a country can produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another country.

Illustrative Example

1. Before Specialization: Assume two countries, A and B, each allocating half their resources to produce wheat (W) and rice (R). Country A produces 50W and 40R, while Country B produces 100W and 50R.
2. After Specialization: Based on opportunity costs, Country A specializes in rice (80R), while Country B specializes in wheat (200W).
3. Trade: At a market price of 1W = 0.6R, Country B can export 100W and

Understanding Income Inequality

Definition of Income Inequality

Income inequality refers to the phenomenon where households earn different shares of income within an economy.

Key Characteristics of Income Distribution

• Income is typically unequally distributed within economies.
• Inequality can provide incentives and rewards for productivity and innovation.

Measuring Income Inequality

The Lorenz Curve

The Lorenz curve illustrates the proportion of a nation’s income earned by a given percentage of the population. It typically lies below the line of complete equality because, for instance, the poorest 20% of the population will own less than 20% of the national income. The more curved the line, the greater the degree of inequality.

The Gini Coefficient

The... Continue reading "Income Inequality: Policies, Measurement, and Economic Impact" »

The Middle Ages

Feudalism

Medieval Society

• Kings and Queens
• Rulers
• Nobility
• Lords and Knights
• Controlled the land
• Clergy
• Church officials
• Peasants
• Majority of the population
• Worked the land and served the nobles

Feudalism

A political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services.

Feudalism

Developed as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe. Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands.

Feudalism

• Lords divided their lands into estates called fiefs.
• Fiefs (land) given to vassals.
• A person granted land in return for loyalty or military service.
• All nobles were vassals to the king.

Feudalism

• Knights: Mounted warriors who protected lord’s lands. Given land for their services.
• Chivalry:

1. The Crusades and Anti-Semitism

Why do some historians mark the Crusades as the beginning of anti-Semitism in Europe?

Some historians view the Crusades as a catalyst for anti-Semitism in Europe. The crusaders' primary goal was to conquer Jerusalem, a city of immense religious significance to both Christians and Jews. During their journey, crusaders perpetrated violence against Jewish communities along the way, engaging in massacres and plunder. This violence stemmed from the belief that Jews were responsible for the death of Jesus, a sentiment deeply ingrained in the Christian world at the time. These events are seen by some historians as an early manifestation of organized Christian violence against Jews, fueled by religious intolerance and... Continue reading "The Crusades: Origins, Impact, and Key Figures" »

int opcion=0;

double cantidad, vuelto;

double pago, total = 0;

string[,] fruta = { { 'Manzana', '4.9' }, { 'Pera', '5.5' }, { 'Naranja', '8.6' }, { 'Platano', '2.7' } ,{ 'Fresa', '1.9' } ,{ 'Piña', '2.4' }, { 'Papaya', '4.2' }, { 'Sandia', '3.4' } ,{ 'Durazno', '3.5' } };

String[,] añaFruta = newString[50, 5];

int i=0, j=0;

int añadir = 0,tFruta=0;

do{

do{

i = 0;

Console.Write('_________________________ ' +

'FRUTERIA .... '+

'1) AÑADIR FRUTA. ');

while (i < 9)

{ Console.Write(i+2+') '+fruta[i,0]+' ');

i++;

}

if(añadir>0)

{j = 11;

i = 0;

tFruta = añadir+9;

while (i < añadir)

{Console.Write(j + ') ' + añaFruta[i, 0] + ' ');

j++;i++;

}

}

else { tFruta = 9; }

Console.Write(tFruta + 2+') Pagar. ');

opcion = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine(

Unit 1: Vocabulary

Technology: Instruction Verbs

• browse: echar un vistazo
• charge: cargar
• plug in: enchufar
• press: presionar
• scroll: desplazar
• stream: transmitir
• swipe: deslizar
• switch on: encender
• tap: tocar
• text: texto / enviar un mensaje
• update: actualizar

Technology Adjectives

• automatic: automático
• convenient: conveniente
• efficient: eficiente
• heavy: pesado
• high quality: alta calidad
• impractical: poco práctico
• inconvenient: inconveniente
• inefficient: ineficiente
• light: ligero
• low quality: baja calidad
• manual: manual
• practical: práctico
• reliable: de confianza
• unreliable: no fiable
• useful: útil
• useless: inútil

Sports Verbs and Nouns

• archery: tiro con arco
• athletics: atletismo
• catch up: alcanzar
• kayaking: kayak / piragüismo
• miss out: perderse
• pick up: recoger
• rock climbing:

Roles in Communication

• Motivating: employees and creating a proper cooperative environment.
• Reporting: providing data for decision-making and spreading goals.
• Controlling: performance of plans and behavior of members.
• Expressing: emotions about work achievements and relating organization with environment.

Communication Elements

• The sender: person transmitting the message.
• The receivers: recipients of the message.
• The message: information transmitted by sender.
• The channel: medium through which message is transmitted.
• The code: set of signs and symbols transmitting the message.
• The context: location, time, culture of participants.

Barriers to Communication

• Factors related to context: location or timing.
• Factors related to message/channel: noise.
• Factors related