Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Primary education

The elasticity of demand refers to the degree of responsiveness of quantity demanded of a commodity to a change in its price or any other factor).
The concept of elasticity of demand is of great importance to producers, farmers, workers, and the Government. Lord Keynes considered this concept to be the most important contribution of Alfred Marshall.
The importance of elasticity of demand can be explained with the help of the following points:
1. Importance to a Producer: Every producer has to decide the price of his product at which he has to sell it. The concept of elasticity of demand becomes important for this purpose. If the producer is producing a commodity whose demand is relatively inelastic, then he can set a high price for it. Similarly,... Continue reading "Importance of Elasticity of Demand in Economics" »

Part 1: Financial Ratios and Metrics

Working Capital

Working Capital = Accounts Receivable + Stock - Accounts Payable

Net Short-Term Debt

Net Short-Term Debt = Short-Term Debt - Cash

Net Total Debt

Net Total Debt = Net Short-Term Debt + Long-Term Debt

Net Total Investment

Net Total Investment = Working Capital + Net Fixed Assets

Security Stock

Security Stock = Working Capital - Net Short-Term Debt

Average Collection Period (ACP)

ACP = [(Average Accounts Receivable) / (Revenues)] * 365

Average Sales Period (ASP)

ASP = [(Average Stock) / (Cost of Sales)] * 365

Purchases

Purchases = Cost of Sales + Stock2 - Stock1

Average Payment Period (APP)

APP = [(Average Accounts Payable) / (Purchases)] * 365

Financial Average Maturity

Financial Average Maturity = Sum of Averages

Cash

1. THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY The most democratic organ, in which each state (193) gets one vote, no matter how big or small, rich or poor. The General Assembly has the competence to discuss and make recommendations on all matters that fall within the scope of the UN Charter.

2. THE SECURITY COUNCIL The most powerful organ. Its primary responsibility is to maintain peace and security.

It is composed of 15 members, 5 permanent with veto power (United States, China, France, Russia, and the United Kingdom) and 10 elected by the GA for 2 years.

The Security Council is the only organ that can impose sanctions on states or deploy military forces on behalf of the international community to keep the peace in certain areas, regions, or countries.

3. THE SECRETARIAT

5) Family Business Survival Strategies

A study indicates that family businesses often struggle to survive across multiple generations. However, there are four key strategies that can increase their chances of longevity:

Establish Strong Governance

Creating a solid governance framework is essential. This includes attracting and retaining top talent while maintaining a clear separation between the family and the business itself.

Preserve "Family Gravity"

Identify and empower key family members who can align everyone's interests and drive the pursuit of common goals. These individuals serve as motivators and role models within the family and the business.

Early Talent Identification and Development

Invest in developing the skills and potential of family... Continue reading "Strategies for Success in Family Businesses and Modern Organizational Structures" »

20)plurilingualism and multilingualism? This two terms are used to describe situations in which individuals or communities have proficiency in multiple languages. Although they are often used in the same way, they have some differences. -Plurilingualism refers to an individual's mastery or competence in a multiple language. It implies that the person is able to use and comprehend several languages fluently and efficiently. It highlights an individual's ability to communicate in different languages. -Multilingualis refers to the presence and use of multiple languages in a community. It refers to the coexistence of different languages in a given environment, where people should use more than one language in their daily lives. It is more about... Continue reading "Understanding Plurilingualism and Multilingualism: A Comprehensive Approach" »

Project Cost Management

Project cost management encompasses the processes of planning, estimating, budgeting, financing, funding, managing, and controlling costs to ensure project completion within the approved budget. The ability to influence cost is greatest during the early project stages, making early scope definition critical. Project cost management focuses on the cost of resources required to complete project activities, considering the impact of decisions on the recurring cost of using and maintaining the project's outcome.

Plan Cost Management

This process defines how project costs will be estimated, budgeted, managed, monitored, and controlled. Cost management planning occurs early in project planning, establishing the framework for... Continue reading "Project Cost Management: A Comprehensive Guide" »

Know what the relationship is between density and temperature

Substances have different densities depending on their temperature.  

For example, a lake on a hot summer day. The surface temperature is warmer than the water beneath. The warm water floats on the cold because it has a lower density. 

Know why your ears pop when you are landing at an airport

Your ears pop from pressure change. The change of pressure outside causes your middle ear to have to readjust, resulting in a popping sound

Know the term buoyancy and why objects sink or float in a substance

Buoyancy is the ability of an object in a fluid to rise or sink due to density differences with its surroundings.

Know the densities of some common substances

Know

Dear Head of the City Council,

I am writing to express my thoughts and concerns regarding the proposed new hotel being built in our area, specifically its close proximity to the bird sanctuary. I appreciate the efforts to promote economic growth and development in our community, but I have concerns about the potential impact of the hotel on the bird sanctuary and its inhabitants.

Noise Pollution

Firstly, I am worried about the noise pollution that the hotel may cause. The noise generated by the construction and operation of the hotel could significantly impact the bird sanctuary. This noise could disturb the peaceful environment required for bird breeding and nesting. Furthermore, the noise pollution could interfere with the migratory patterns... Continue reading "Protecting Our Bird Sanctuary: Concerns Regarding the Proposed Hotel Development" »

What is confederation?  When did it occur? 

The confederation was when Canada was born. Happened on July 1, 1867. 

What makes up the province of Canada?” also know the 2 cultures of each Pg 23-24

Canada East

Followed French Culture + mostly spoke French 

Canada West

Followed British Culture + mostly spoke English 

Which  areas of British North America did Hudson's bay company in the mid-1800s Pg 5

Rupert’s Land, New Caledonia

What were the 2 main events of the “great migration” Pg 7

Potato famine & the underground railroad

Know a couple of points from each of the 6 beginning colonies of bna Pg 23-27

Canada East - Industry flourished in Montreal in the late 1840s

- Most of the work in the factories was d1 by women & children

- They were... Continue reading "Population of men, women and children in kudan local government" »