Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Primary education

Part IV: A Voyage to the Country of the Houyhnhnms

1. Arrival and First Encounters

After being abandoned by pirates, Gulliver encounters a race of hideous, deformed, and savage humanoid creatures called Yahoos, towards whom he feels a strong aversion. Soon after, he meets the Houyhnhnms, a race of intelligent horses who rule over the Yahoos.

2. The Nature of Houyhnhnms

Gulliver learns that "Houyhnhnm" translates to both "horse" and "perfection of nature" in their language. He explains human society to the Master Horse, who is unfamiliar with concepts like deception, power, greed, lust, or envy.

3. Human Nature and War

The Master Horse inquires about the causes of war among humans. Gulliver explains three main reasons: ambition for conquest, government... Continue reading "Gulliver's Travels Among the Houyhnhnms" »

Lord Munodi promises to get Gulliver an invitation to Lagado's Royal Academy if he wants it, which Gulliver does.

Their projects include:

• To take sunbeams out of cucumbers
• To turn human poo back into food (ugh)
• To melt ice into gunpowder
• To build houses from the roof down
• To paint without sight, but according to the texture and smell of the colors
• To use pigs to plough fields
• To use spider webs to replace silk threads

This giant square has handles on all sides for the professor's students to use to turn the frame.

By turning the frame, the professor's students shake up the words hanging inside the square.

Whenever three or four of the words together seem to make sense, the students write down these phrases.

In order to find an accused person they could

Gulliver's Travels (1726), a prose satire by Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)

Part III: A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib, and Japan

Chapter 1: Pirates and the Floating Island

Gulliver prepares to set out for the East Indies. On the voyage, pirates attack the ship. Gulliver hears a Dutch voice among them and speaks to the pirate in Dutch, begging to be set free. A Japanese pirate tells them they will not die, and Gulliver tells the Dutchman that he is surprised to find more mercy in a heathen than in a Christian. The Dutchman grows angry and punishes Gulliver by sending him out to sea in a small boat. Gulliver finds some islands and goes ashore on one of them. There he sees a landmass dropping down from the sky and notices that... Continue reading "Gulliver's Travels Part 3: Laputa Summary" »

44. In this chapter they talk about the power of imagination and everyone talk about their dreams. Pekuah imagines herself as the queen of Abyssinia, the princess wants to be shepherdess  and the prince dreams of a perfect government. They decide to stop thinking about it because Imlac warns of the danger that some day those dreams may prevail over reality and reason.

45. They decide to return home and they meet an old man who shows his sadness at being alone because all his loved persons have died. The princess tries to cheer him up but responds that no praise can animate his soul because he cannot share that pride with their loved ones. Finally the old man abandons them and they are thinking about old age. On the other hand the princess and... Continue reading "Exploring Happiness: A Journey Through Rasselas" »

Rasselas: Marriage, Happiness, and the Human Condition

28. Rasselas tries to calm his sister, telling her not to be troubled by evil that has not yet come to pass. He answers everything the princess said previously: that marriage is not a problem, and it is normal for confrontations to arise, both outside and within marriage. She should not be troubled by the continuity of the species because they should seek the happiness of the individual, with or without marriage, populating the world or not, because it is the least of their problems.

29. The characters continue discussing marriage. Finally, they conclude that sooner or later, whether you marry or not, you will always experience both pleasures and problems. You must deal with them because... Continue reading "Rasselas: Marriage, Pyramids, and a Kidnapping in Egypt" »

Chapter 21: The Hermit's Solitude

They finally reached the hermit's cell. The hermit tells them that he had lived for fifteen years in solitude to avoid all evil. After a conversation about his experience, the hermit decides to return to Cairo with them.

Chapter 22: The Assembly of Learned Men

Sometimes Rasselas joined an assembly of learned men, where they shared their opinions and thoughts. There, Rasselas exposes his meeting with the hermit. One of them suggests that happiness can be found in life according to nature. Rasselas is interested in his explanation and asks him to explain what he has quoted; however, he cannot explain to Rasselas how to live in accordance with nature.

Chapter 23: Dividing the Search

Rasselas and his sister, Nekayah,... Continue reading "Rasselas's Pursuit of Happiness: A Journey Through Chapters 21-27" »

Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)

The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia (1759)

Rasselas, the son of an emperor, is confined to the idyllic Happy Valley until he is ready to rule. However, he resents this confinement and longs to experience the world beyond. Determined to discover the true meaning of happiness and his"choice of life" Rasselas devises a plan to escape. Throughout his journey, he displays intelligence, wit, and a rational mind, often seeking guidance from the wise Imlac.

Rasselas's Discontent

In a conversation with his former instructor, Rasselas confesses his dissatisfaction with the pleasures of the Happy Valley. He admits to feeling stagnant and lacking aspirations. The old man, taken aback, suggests that experiencing the world'... Continue reading "Rasselas's Quest for Happiness: A Summary and Analysis" »

Java Socket Implementation

Client-Server Socket Class (`Misocket`)

Constructor for Server (`Misocket(int port)`):

• Initializes a `ServerSocket` with the specified port.
• Waits for and accepts a client connection using `serverSocket.accept()`.
• Obtains input and output streams from the accepted client socket.

Constructor for Client (`Misocket(String ip, int port)`):

• Creates a `Socket` to connect to the specified IP address and port.
• Obtains input and output streams for communication.

Core Functionality

Sending and Receiving Strings:

• `dos.writeUTF(cadena); dos.flush();` to send a string.
• `cadena = dis.readUTF(); return cadena;` to receive a string.

Sending and Receiving Integers:

• `dos.writeInt(tam);` to send an integer.
• `tam = dis.readInt(); return tam;` to receive

Management Control:

Process by which managers ensure that resources are obtained and used in the most efficient way to achieve goals. Defines strategy, organization MCS. Steps: Set goals, planning budgeting, measuring actual comparing, corrective.

Strategy:

Set of plans to achieve goals.

SWOT Analysis:

Analysis of the overall strategic possibilities of business and its environment. Purpose is to identify strategies that will create a firm-specific business model that will best align an organization's resources and capabilities with requirements of the environment.

BCG Matrix:

Aims to identify high-growth prospects by categorizing the company's products according to market growth and share.

Porter:

For developing an organization's strategy. It determines... Continue reading "Management Control Systems and Cost Analysis" »

Simple Harmonic Motion and Waves

Vibrations and Frequency

At the equilibrium position of a mass attached to a spring, the velocity reaches a maximum.

Frequency is the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time for a system in simple harmonic motion.

Sound and Pitch

The perceived highness or lowness of a sound is known as pitch.

The Doppler Effect

The Doppler Effect applies to all types of waves.

Electromagnetic Spectrum and Television

Radio waves are the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum utilized in television technology.

Electromagnetic Radiation in a Vacuum

In a vacuum, electromagnetic radiation of short wavelengths travels at the same speed as radiation of long wavelengths.

Mirrors and Refraction

Image Formation by a Flat Mirror

A flat mirror