Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Physical Education

Introduction to Team Sports

Sporting Equipment

Sport is a motor situation characterized by action, driving, competition, regulation, and institutionalization. Sports are based on specific motor control where space and control are key elements.

Elements Common in Team Sports

• Basic Techniques and Motor Skills: Movement, release, reception, impact, driving.
• Specific Motor Skills: Tactics (individual and team), physical preparation, psychological preparation, and intelligent play.

Work Methodology in Team Sports

Definitions

• Learning: Acquiring knowledge or a skill.
• Learning Action: The process of learning an art or craft. It is essential to know what students already know and start with the basics.
• Teaching: A system and method of giving instruction.
• Methodology:

Speed: Definition and Core Concepts

Speed is the quality that allows an individual to perform motor actions in the shortest possible time and with maximum efficiency.

Phases of a Speed Race

• Reaction: The initial response to a stimulus.
• Acceleration: The phase of increasing velocity.
• Top Speed: The maximum velocity achieved.
• Resistance to Speed: The ability to maintain high speed despite fatigue.

Factors Influencing Speed

• Muscle Factors:
  • Leverage Layout: Quick movements often involve third-degree levers.
  • Muscle Capabilities: Includes muscle tone, elongation capacity, muscle viscosity, and fiber type (fast-twitch fibers are white and contract quickly; slow-twitch fibers are red and contract slowly).
• Nervous Factors:
  • Intramuscular Coordination: The ability

The Dynamic Indoor Stick Sport

This game was born in Sweden, a country where sport is highly valued. It has since been adopted by numerous countries for both recreational sport and competitive play. It is a team sport that is simple to learn, allowing all players to participate effectively from the very first moments. This fast-paced game can be practiced at any age and requires each player to contribute actively, making it an excellent choice for physical training for other sports. Importantly, all violence is excluded, ensuring no peril and causing no damage to the playing surfaces.

Understanding the Game Mechanics

The Terrain

The playing terrain can vary in size and presentation. Recommended dimensions are between 10 and 20 meters. The field... Continue reading "Mastering the Rules of the Fast-Paced Indoor Stick Sport" »

Core Principles of Effective Physical Training

Principle of Individuality

Principle of Progression

Overload Principle

Depósito Hidráulico

Su misión es almacenar líquido hidráulico para asegurar el abastecimiento, permitir el bombeo y su retorno.

Componentes del Sistema Hidráulico

Fuente de Presión y Bombas

Bombas de caudal constante accionadas mecánicamente.

Regulador de Presión

Asegura una presión regulada para garantizar el funcionamiento del sistema.

Acumulador Principal

Su misión es proporcionar líquido hidráulico rápidamente donde hay demanda del circuito principal.

Válvula de Seguridad

Su misión es dar preferencia de alimentación a los órganos de seguridad vitales.

Función Válvula Seguridad (Pregunta 3)

Funciona para aislar los circuitos de suspensión trasero y delantero de la fuente de presión en caso de fallo. En caso de avería, la válvula... Continue reading "Componentes y Funcionamiento del Sistema Hidráulico Vehicular" »

Game by Couples: Objective: To motivate and enjoy the practice of volleyball and develop positive attitudes.

Relate to sharing partners and co-targets. Learn about key aspects of the basic rules of volleyball and start in the game. Practice fingers and forearm passes as integral elements in the game. Develop basic aspects of individual tactical skills, improving perception, decision-making, and execution involved in the game. Learn how to act autonomously in sport through integrated and global work.

Contents: Concepts and basic rules, material for the game, application of basic standards of play, and respect towards them. Use tactics such as passing space with fingers and forearms, exploration of different backgrounds, and improving the feel... Continue reading "Enhancing Volleyball Skills Through Engaging Couple Games" »

Muscle Contractility and Mechanism

What is the unit of muscle contractility and how would you explain briefly the mechanism of muscle contraction?

The basic unit of muscle contraction is the sarcomere. It is composed of protein filaments: actin and myosin. Actin filaments are fixed in a longitudinal direction, while myosin filaments are free. During contraction, the length of the actin and myosin filaments does not change. Instead, the sarcomere shortens due to the sliding of the actin filaments over the myosin filaments towards the center of the sarcomere. This sliding is driven by the interaction between actin and myosin, which is regulated by calcium ions. Calcium is essential for muscle contraction.

Respiratory Physiology

Explain VO2 max and

The Importance of Warming Up

What is Warming Up?

Warming up is physical activity performed prior to another of greater intensity. It facilitates the body's adaptation to the demands that require further work. It improves overall physiological readiness for the effort, leading to:

• Increased heart rate.
• Increased respiratory rate.
• Muscles contract and stretch more effectively.
• Attention and attitude toward the activity become more concentrated.

Why Warm Up?

Warming up is crucial for several reasons:

• To Improve Performance and Efficiency: To achieve efficiency through progressively adapting the body's organs to subsequent effort, thereby delaying fatigue or discomfort.
• For Safety: Essential for preventing injuries.
• For Action: Ensures you are psychologically

Physical Condition

Physical condition refers to the body's capacity to respond to fitness exercises. It depends on factors such as:

• Genes
• Age
• Gender
• Training
• Health habits

Total Training

Total training involves a combination of continuous running, fartlek, and gymnastics, addressing all physical attributes. Characteristics include:

• Alternating continuous running with accelerations, decelerations, and gymnastic periods.
• Constant pace, with intensity variations.
• No breaks.
• Potential for oxygen debt.

Key Fitness Components

• Strength: The ability to lift or move heavy weights.
• Speed: The ability to cover a distance or perform a movement in the shortest possible time.
• Resistance: The ability to exercise for an extended period.
• Flexibility: The ability to move muscles

I. Modifications and Mobility in the Workplace

• Substantial Modification of Working Conditions
• Geographic Mobility
• Functional Mobility
• Substantial Modification of Working Conditions
• Geographic Mobility

II. Compensation and Claims

A. Indemnity for Dismissal

In certain dismissal scenarios, you would be entitled to the first indemnity of 20 days per year worked, with a maximum of 9 monthly payments.

B. Claiming Rights and Compensation

Before claiming, if injustice is declared, employees may have the right to maintain their previous conditions. Otherwise, compensation may be awarded:

• 20 days per year of service (maximum 9 monthly payments).
• 45 days per year worked (maximum 42 monthly payments) if the dismissal affects the worker's dignity and professional category