Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems

Victor's Journey to Geneva and Encounter with the Monster

1. On his journey to Geneva, Victor spent the night in the village of Secheron, but he couldn't sleep.

Victor couldn't sleep, and he decided to go and find the place where William had been murdered. During the storm, he saw a figure standing beside some trees; it was the monster.

Justine's Trial and Conviction

2. Justine defended herself in court.

Justine was called to defend herself. Crying, she told them what she remembered.

But it did no good. The judge had reached his verdict, and Justine had been found guilty. She was sentenced to death and would be executed the next day.

The Monster's Plea and Victor's Reaction

3. The monster raised his hand and began to speak.

Victor was shocked.

The monster... Continue reading "Frankenstein: Key Plot Points and Analysis" »

Spanish American Independence Movements

Stages of Independence

• First Stage: Juntas were established in America, fostering a desire for independence.
• Second Stage: Ferdinand VII refused to grant autonomy to the colonies. Figures like Simón Bolívar, Antonio José de Sucre, and José de San Martín, with support from the USA and UK, led military victories against Spain.
• By 1815, Spain had lost nearly all its American territories.

The Isabeline Period in Spain

Regency Period: Ferdinand VII's Aftermath

• Government was exercised by a regent after the death of her father, Ferdinand VII.

• The First Carlist War

  • The First Carlist War erupted due to disputes over the succession to the throne.
  • Supporters of Don Carlos, primarily absolutists, fought against Isabel'

Comparative Politics

Study and evaluation of similarities and differences between political systems.

State

Political organization, institution for government, possessing sovereignty and territory.

Nation

Group of people united by fundamental characteristics.

Nationalism

Belief by a nation that it can be a state.

Nation-State

Borders coincide with a particular nation.

Territoriality

Unit has a certain geographic perimeter.

Sovereignty

State is supreme within its own borders.

Internal Control

Monopoly on the use of legitimate violence.

External Autonomy

Not subservient to any other state.

De Facto

Empirical.

De Jure

Juridical.

Three Worlds

System of classifying states.

First World

Liberal democracy.

Second World

Communist.

Third World

Not powerful enough to fit in other

Parametric Inference Fundamentals

The probability distribution of the population under study is known, except for a finite number of parameters. Its goal is to estimate those parameters. Examples include the T-test and ANOVA.

Non-Parametric Inference Basics

The distribution of the population is not known. It is used to test the assumptions of parametric methods, for example, to check if the population distribution is normal.

What is a Statistic?

A random variable function of the sample that does not depend on the unknown parameter.

Understanding Estimators

A statistic whose values are acceptable for estimating an unknown parameter.

Unbiasedness in Estimation

We do not allow systematic overestimation or underestimation of the parameter, which would result... Continue reading "Statistical Inference & Hypothesis Testing Concepts" »

Key Data Collection Methods for Project Audits

Effective project auditing relies on robust data collection. Here are five essential methods:

1. Frequency Counts

   This method tracks how many times a specific standard or threshold has been breached. For example:

   • How many accidents have occurred?
   • How many complaints per month?
   • How many pieces of luggage lost?

2. Raw Numbers

   This involves comparing actual figures (e.g., money spent, time required) against expected or planned amounts to assess progress and identify discrepancies.

3. Subjective Numeric Rating

   This involves subjective estimates of the quality and performance of individual specialists or groups.

4. Indicators and Surrogates

   When direct measurement is challenging, indicators and surrogates can be used, provided

My Flat in Caranza, Ferrol

I live with my brother in a flat located in Caranza, a district of Ferrol in the north of Galicia. Our flat is in a residential area on the seventh floor.

It is small, featuring a living room, a kitchen, a bathroom, and a bedroom. While I do not have a lot of furniture, I have everything I need.

There is no balcony, but I can see a small park from both the living room and the bedroom. I enjoy living here because it is near my NCO School and it is cheap; I pay 200 per month. However, the flat is quite noisy due to heavy traffic.

My Favorite Room: The Living Room

Located on the seventh floor, the living room is quite large and very bright thanks to two big windows.

Decor and Furnishings

• There are some flowers in a vase on

Marketing Fundamentals and Definitions

What is Market Segmentation?

It is the division of the prospective market into different groups according to age, sex, social status, buying capability, and so on.

What items make up a Company Marketing Plan?

A marketing plan typically includes:

• Product conception and development
• Promotion
• Pricing
• Packaging

When does Market Research take place?

It takes place when manufacturers need to offer customers exactly what they want.

Which are the Traditional Means of Advertising?

Traditional advertising media include:

• Newspapers
• Magazines
• Radio
• TV
• Hoardings (Billboards)
• Leaflets
• Brochures

What is the Task of Advertising?

It is to inform the public that a certain product is available and to persuade them to buy that product and not... Continue reading "Marketing, Media, and Communication History Fundamentals" »

The American Revolution: Q&A

Key Events and Figures

1. Purpose of the Declaration

The main purpose of the Declaration of Independence was to declare the separation of the United States from Britain.

2. The Patriot Spy

Nathan Hale was the patriot spy during the fight for New York.

3. Turning Point Battle

The Battle of Saratoga was a major turning point in the Revolution in the Middle States.

4. First Treaty of Alliance

France was the first country to sign a treaty of alliance with the U.S.

5. Sections of the Declaration

The Declaration of Independence is divided into the Preamble and three main sections that state some general ideas about society and government.

6. Native American Actions

Most Native American groups sided with the British during the... Continue reading "American Revolution: Key Battles, Figures, and Impact" »

Seljuk Turks

A group who conquered Palestine in 1073 and began to persecute Christians who visited.

Second Crusade

The second crusade was an effort to retake Edessa and was a disaster. It was led by King Louis VII and Emperor Conrad III.

Third Crusade

Led by Richard the Lionhearted, Philip II, and Frederick Barbarossa.

Cathedra

The word for the bishop's chair.

Chancel

The word for the choir area.

Sic et Non

A famous work by Peter Abelard.

Summa Theologica

A 21-volume work by St. Thomas Aquinas.

St. Bonaventure

A saint who distrusted St. Thomas Aquinas's theological system.

Abbot Suger

The person who designed St. Denis Cathedral.

Trivium

Rhetoric, logic, and grammar.

Quadrivium

Arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music.

Chartres

The most outstanding example of Gothic... Continue reading "Key Figures and Events in Medieval History" »

University Baseball Team 2025 Season Schedule

All times Eastern. An asterisk (*) denotes a conference game.

February 2025 Games

• Friday, February 13: Seton Hall (Chapel Hill) – 3 p.m.
• Saturday, February 14: Seton Hall (Chapel Hill) – 2 p.m.
• Sunday, February 15: Seton Hall (Chapel Hill) – 1 p.m.
• Friday, February 20: UCLA (Chapel Hill) – 3 p.m.
• Saturday, February 21: UCLA (Chapel Hill) – 2 p.m.
• Sunday, February 22: UCLA (Chapel Hill) – 1 p.m.
• Tuesday, February 24: St. John’s (Chapel Hill) – 3 p.m.
• Wednesday, February 25: Winthrop (Chapel Hill) – 3 p.m.
• Friday, February 27: Rhode Island (Chapel Hill) – 3 p.m.
• Saturday, February 28: Rhode Island (Chapel Hill) – 2 p.m.

March 2025 Games

• Sunday, March 1: Rhode Island (Chapel Hill) – 1 p.m.