Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems

J.B. Priestley’s An Inspector Calls functions as a moral crucible, where the playwright interrogates the ethical decay and class hypocrisies of Edwardian society. Set in 1912 but performed in post-war 1945, the play explores the illusion of respectability and the urgent need for collective accountability. Through specific characters or themes, Priestley constructs a dramatic microcosm of Britain’s fractured social hierarchy, embedding didactic undertones to expose the corrosive consequences of issues like capitalist self-interest, patriarchal dominance, or generational complacency. The play operates as a vehicle for ideological reformation, compelling audiences to reevaluate their complicity in systemic injustice and embrace a more egalitarian... Continue reading "An Inspector Calls: Social Critique & Dramatic Analysis" »

The Violent Video Game Debate: Should They Be Banned?

Violence is a serious problem in today’s society, appearing in news, social media, and entertainment. One of the most controversial forms is violence in video games. This situation has generated a significant question: Should violent video games be banned? This debate has divided opinions between those who advocate for restrictions and those who believe they should not be limited at all.

Arguments for Banning Violent Video Games

On one hand, proponents argue that banning violent games could significantly reduce aggressive behavior, especially among young people. Some studies suggest that constant exposure to violent content can make individuals more insensitive to real-life violence. Proponents... Continue reading "Violent Video Games: The Ban Debate and Regulation" »

Sheila Birling's Journey to Responsibility in An Inspector Calls

Sheila's Initial Acceptance of Blame

“I know I’m to blame — and I’m desperately sorry.” — Sheila Birling

This powerful admission from Sheila Birling highlights her immediate acceptance of responsibility and profound emotional maturity.

• Immediate Acceptance and Emotional Maturity

  Sheila’s admission “I know I’m to blame” is direct and unfiltered, showcasing her immediate acceptance of responsibility. Unlike Eric, who only admits guilt under pressure, Sheila acknowledges her role unprompted, demonstrating a clear moral awakening. This contrasts sharply with Eric’s defensive, almost resentful confession.

• Emotive Language and Sincerity

  The word “desperately” conveys

Ozymandias vs. London: A Poetic Comparison

Key Quotes and Their Significance

1. Ozymandias – "Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!"

   • Command Verb (Imperative)

     The verb "Look" conveys Ozymandias’s arrogance, attempting to assert dominance over future generations, suggesting an inflated sense of power. This contrasts with the powerless citizens in London, whose suffering is imposed upon them by external forces, not self-proclaimed power.

   • Irony

     The juxtaposition of "despair" with the ruined state of the statue highlights the futility of Ozymandias’s power, emphasizing the transience of human legacy. Similarly, London highlights the decaying impact of unchecked power through the physical and emotional scarring of the city’s inhabitants.

   • Noun:

Comparing Nature's Dominance in Poetry

The following analysis compares the treatment of nature's power and human fragility in William Wordsworth’s The Prelude and Imtiaz Dharker’s Tissue.

Analysis 1: The Sublime Encounter

Quote: “A huge peak, black and huge” — The Prelude

1. Childlike Regression and Fear

The repetition of “huge” conveys Wordsworth’s stunned, almost childlike reaction to nature’s immense power. Similarly, in Tissue, Dharker uses fragile paper to show how easily human constructs can be overwhelmed by natural forces, such as “the sun” shining through borderlines. This suggests that both speakers are forced to confront their own insignificance.

2. Symbolism and Transience

The mountain in The Prelude becomes a metaphor... Continue reading "Wordsworth and Dharker: Nature's Power and Human Fragility" »

Financial Goals: Profit vs. Wealth Maximization

The basic dictum of financial planning is “the earlier, the better.” According to this principle, Project ‘B’ is often preferable in investment scenarios.

Profit Maximization: Limitations

The profit maximization goal often overlooks critical factors, including the time value of money and the quality of benefits. If predicted earnings are more assured, the quality is high because the range of fluctuation is small. Profit maximization ignores the true value of benefits and does not consider the risks associated with profits.

The following table demonstrates the concept of Quality of Benefits based on Profit per Annum:

Sodium Chloride: Structure and Ionic Bonding

Sodium chloride is an ionic compound. It contains positive sodium ions (Na⁺) and negative chloride ions (Cl⁻). These ions are held together in a giant ionic lattice by strong electrostatic forces. These forces act in all directions, contributing to its characteristic high melting point.

Potassium vs. Lithium: Reactivity Differences

Both potassium and lithium are in Group 1 of the periodic table and possess one electron in their outer shell. However, potassium's outer electron is significantly further from the nucleus than lithium's. This increased distance results in less attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron, making it more easily lost. Consequently, potassium is more reactive than... Continue reading "Essential Chemistry Concepts: Structure, Bonding & Reactions" »

Definitions of Respiration

• Respiration: The biochemical process of breaking down glucose to release energy (ATP).
• Respiratory System: The biological system responsible for gas exchange (O₂ intake, CO₂ output).

Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration

• Aerobic Respiration: Occurs with oxygen, yielding high energy (38 ATP).
• Anaerobic Respiration: Occurs without oxygen, yielding low energy (2 ATP), and producing lactic acid or ethanol + CO₂.

Principles of Gas Exchange (Diffusion)

Gas exchange occurs by diffusion across moist surfaces. The surfaces must meet specific criteria:

• Must be thin, moist, and highly vascularized.
• Surface area must be large relative to body size.

Note: These three features (thin, moist, vascularized) are critical for effective gas... Continue reading "Animal Respiration: Mechanisms of Gas Exchange and Ventilation" »

Titanic: My Favorite Movie

I really enjoyed the movie Titanic because it is a beautiful love story mixed with a real historical tragedy.

The film shows the romance between Jack and Rose, two people from different social classes who fall in love on the famous ship. The scenes are emotional, especially when the ship begins to sink. I loved the music, the costumes, and the amazing acting. Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet did a fantastic job. The ending was very sad, but it made the movie even more powerful. I also learned a lot about the real Titanic disaster. This movie made me feel many emotions, and that’s why I liked it so much. It is definitely one of my favorite films.

Relative Clauses: Corrected Sentences

1. A friend of mine, who lived in