Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Other courses

Essential Qualities of Great Leadership

• Sincere enthusiasm: true enthusiasm for a business (its products and its mission cannot be faked
• Integrity: acknowledging mistakes, putting safety and quality first
• Great Communication Skills: motivate, instruct, and discipline
• Loyalty: reciprocal and in a position of service to team members
• Decisiveness: make decisions and take risks
• Managerial competence: not just being good at their jobs
• Empowerment: have faith in ability to train and develop employees
• Charisma: approachable, friendly, and caring for others

The Trap of the Charismatic Leader

Charisma only wins people's attention, but credibility is crucial. Use scientifically validated assessments instead of relying on intuition. Narcissists perform well in... Continue reading "Essential Qualities of Great Leadership and Conflict Management Skills" »

What is Logistics?

Is generally the detailed organization and implementation of a complex operation. In a general business sense, logistics is the management of the flow of things between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet requirements of customers or corporations.

Benefits of Supply Chains

When a business has an effective supply chain management, it has a CA in its industry that allows you to decrease the inherent risks when you are buying raw materials and selling products or services. The most important supply chain benefits are a higher efficiency rate, a decrease cost effects, increases output, increases your business profit level, boost cooperation lvl, no delays in processes and an enhanced supply chain network.... Continue reading "Logistics: Supply Chain Management and International Transport" »

Structure of the CEFRL:

The CEFRL is divided into 9 chapters + 4 annexes.

What are the aims of the Portfolio?

• Encourage all citizens to learn foreign languages at any level and all along their lives.
• Improve language learning processes and develop self-assessment skills.
• Facilitate the exchange and movement of citizens in Europe.
• Facilitate a worldwide (and European) tool in order to recognize and measure any L2 level of expertise.
• Encourage and support communication among citizens from different nationalities (in Europe), learning of different cultures, customs, and traditions.

Levels of the Common European Framework:

• C2: Proficiency level
• C1: Advanced level
• B2: Upper Intermediate level
• B1: Pre-intermediate level
• A2: Elementary level
• A1: Beginner level

Name

Porter’s Five Forces

1. How is a rivalry between competitors?

The need to understand who is direct competitors are right Now. Not always companies that sell the same product compete directly. Although Working with chocolates, the Cacao Show and Copenhagen, for example, do not Focus on the same target audience. In this context, it is necessary to Understand some points: who are the direct competitors (and how to be better Than them)? How companies are grouped (if there are large groups already formed There may be more power to negotiate with suppliers); their brands are already Consolidated and are admired/respected (is it always good to understand why) ?; What are the competitive advantages of competitors (do they have lower costs, Achieve... Continue reading "strategy" »

Today, organizations are facing a greater need to adapt to new realities. This often results in organizational change. The process of implementing change in an organization is often complex and challenging for most managers. To increase the chances of successful implementation, it is recommended to use some version of a change model. One of the most popular models is John Kotter's 8-step change model, which includes the following specific steps:

1. Establish a sense of urgency
2. Create the guiding coalition
3. Develop a vision and strategy
4. Communicate the change vision
5. Empower broad-based action
6. Generate short-term wins
7. Consolidate gains to produce more change
8. Anchor change in the organization's culture

Establish a Sense of Urgency

First, the organization needs... Continue reading "Kotter's 8-Step Change Practice: A Guide for Successful Implementation" »

McKinsey is a management consulting company that conducts quantitative and qualitative analyses to evaluate management decisions across the public and private sectors.

In the 1980s, the company developed the McKinsey Framework 7S to improve the internal issues of organizations. The 7S framework differentiates between hard elements and soft elements. The hard elements consist of strategy, structure, and systems, while the soft elements are skills, staff, style, and share value. All areas are interconnected, meaning that changing one area will have implications for all the others.

Strategy: The organization's plan to win in the marketplace and gain an advantage over the competition.

Structure: The way the organization structures its resources, including... Continue reading "McKinsey: Management Consulting Company and the 7S Framework" »

Techniques in Handling People

1. Don’t criticize, condemn or complain.
2. Give honest and sincere appreciation.
3. Arouse in the other person an eager want.

Six ways to make people like you

1. Become genuinely interested in other people.
2. Smile.
3. Remember that a person’s name is to that person the sweetest and most important sound in any language.
4. Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves.
5. Talk in terms of the other person’s interests.
6. Make the other person feel important – and do it sincerely.

Win people to your way of thinking

1. The only way to get the best of an argument is to avoid it.
2. Show respect for the other person’s opinions. Never say, “You’re wrong.”
3. If you are wrong, admit it quickly and emphatically.
4. Begin in a friendly way.

Concrete and Welding Inspection and Testing

Concrete Testing

Slump Test

The slump test assesses fresh concrete consistency and indirectly verifies the correct water amount. Wet concrete is placed in a cone-shaped mold and allowed to slump after the cone is removed. The vertical distance between the mold top and the slumped mixture top indicates workability.

The slump is acceptable if within the specified tolerance. If unacceptable, another test is performed immediately. If the second test also fails, the concrete is rejected.

Welding Inspection

Visual Inspection and Slag Removal

Visual inspection checks for defects like cracking, slag inclusions, porosity, and undercut. For simple welds, inspection at the start and periodically during the process... Continue reading "Concrete and Welding Inspection and Testing Procedures" »

Mesopotamia, also known as the Cradle of Civilization, was ruled by 16 different nations.

The Republic of Iraq gained independence from Britain in 1932. King Faisal ruled until 1979, when Saddam Hussein took power after five different coups.

The Iraq War in 2003, also known as Operation Iraqi Freedom, resulted in the capture of Saddam Hussein, who was found hiding in a hole after Operation Red Dawn.

Saddam Hussein was responsible for the deaths of 148 Shia and 180,000 Kurds in the Anfal Campaign, including the infamous Halabja Attack that killed 15,000 people with chemical weapons.

After his death in 2006, it was revealed that Saddam Hussein had killed 205,000 Kurds, leading to the implementation of no-fly zones over Iraq.

The history of Iraq is... Continue reading "History of Iraq: Wars, Conflicts, and International Relations" »

HEALTH-Physical mental and social well being

What is a disease?

Change in the body that produces a loss of health. Common terms:

Aetiology Symptom and Sign

Classification of siseases

By the organ or system affected. By persistence: acute or chronic or by transmissibility: infectious or non infectious

-infectious diseases. Caused by pathogens

-Non infectious diseases. Not caused by pathogens

TRANSMISSION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Agent - pathogen that causes a disease

Reservoir. The place where pathogen lives

Vector. The person animal or microorganism that carries and transmits the agent or pathogen

Host. The organism that is infected

Transmission of pathogens

-Direct contact

-Indirect contact

Portals of entry into host

Skin, Respiratory tract, Digestive tract