Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Music

Sound is the sensation we experience when sound waves reach our ears. Noise is usually defined as something that sounds bad. The difference between sound and noise is that the wave of a sound is regular and the wave of a noise is irregular. The apparatus used to measure noise is called a sound level meter. The level of noise is measured in decibels (dB). Silence is the absence of sound or noise. Pitch is the quality of sound which makes a distinction between low and high sounds. Duration is the quality which differentiates between long and short sounds. The dynamic intensity is the quality that distinguishes between loud and soft sounds. Timbre is the quality of sound which indicates who or what is producing it. We often use the word soundtrack... Continue reading "Understanding Sound: The Difference Between Sound and Noise" »

Vocal Apparatus: The Foundation of Singing

The Three Processes of Voice Production

Our voice is produced through a fascinating interplay of various parts of the body, known as the vocal apparatus. This process involves three key stages:

1. Respiration: Adequate airflow is crucial for sound production. The diaphragm, a muscle separating the lungs from the digestive system, plays a vital role in controlling inhalation and exhalation. Singers strive for complete breathing, filling both the lower and upper parts of the lungs.
2. Production of Sound: As the diaphragm pushes air from the lungs, it passes through the larynx, where two small tendons called vocal cords vibrate, creating sound.
3. Amplification of Sound: The sound produced by the vocal cords is weak

The Sydney Opera House is a modern building located in Sydney, New South Wales. It is one of the 20th century's most famous and distinctive buildings.

Design and Inauguration

The Sydney Opera House was designed by Danish architect Jorn Utzon. It was inaugurated on 20 October 1973. The building is an expressionist construction with a radically innovative design, consisting of a series of large prefabricated shells that form the roofs of the structure. The walls are made of brick and concrete. The theatre consists of rooms where people can enjoy several performance venues, including a concert hall, drama and studio theatre, and a Utzon room.

An Incredible Experience

In my opinion, although I have never been there, enjoying the surroundings of the

The Symphony No. 4 in E minor, Op. 98 by Johannes Brahms is the last of his symphonies. Brahms began working on the piece in Mürzzuschlag, then in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, in 1884, just a year after completing his Symphony No. 3. It was premiered on October 25, 1885 in Meiningen, Germany.

Instrumentation

The symphony is scored for two flutes (one doubling on piccolo on third movement only), two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, contrabassoon (third and fourth movements), four horns, two trumpets, three trombones (fourth movement... Continue reading "Symphony No. 4 in E minor by Johannes Brahms" »

The comedies: The Comedy of Errors (1593), The Taming of The Shrew (1594), The Two Gentlemen of Verona (1595), A Midsummer Night’s Dream (1595), Love’s Labor’s Lost (1594), The Merchant of Venice (1596), As You Like It (1600), Much Ado About Nothing (1598), Twelfth Night (1601),The Merry Wives Of Windsor (1600), All’s Well That Ends Well (1602), Measure for Measure (1604).

The Tragedies: Titus Andronicus (1594), Romeo and Juliet (1594), Hamlet (1601), Troilus and Cressida (1602), Othello(1604), King Lear (1605), Macbeth (1605), Timon of Athens (1607), Anthony and Cleopatra (1606),Coriolanus(1606).

The histories:  The First Part of King Henry VI (1591-92), The Second Part of King Henry VI (1591-92), The Third Part of King Henry VI (1591-

Pablo Alboran

Pablo is 27 years old and became famous through singing on YouTube. Currently, he has 3 records and has collaborated with various famous singers throughout his career, such as Ricky Martin.

The young man is jumping into fame thanks to recording singing with his guitar since he was a child. He has already done two tours, starting in Spain and ending in South America, traveling around the world. With what he has earned through his tours and concerts, he has donated some money to NGOs in Africa. Currently, Pablo has decided to take two years off after his long tour to enjoy time with his family and friends and to compose new songs for another album.

The Gregorian chant was created by the Codification of liturgy and music under the Roman leaders helped by the Frankish kings. It stands as a memorial to religious faith in the Middle Ages And embodies the community spirit and artistic sensibility of that time.

Characteristics Of the chant

There are three manners of performance:

1)“Responsorial” Is when a soloist alternates with a choir

2)“Antiphonal” Is when two groups alternate with each other

3)“Direct” Is when the choir is singing together without alternation.

There are three styles of setting text:

1)“Syllabic” Is when almost every syllable has a single note

2)“Neumatic” Is when syllables carry one to six notes

3)“Melismatic”. Melismas are long melodic passages on a single