Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Medicine & Health

Skin Preparation Prior to Surgery: Surgical Field Objectives

To facilitate involvement and prevent infection.

Steps:

1. Prepare and inform the patient about the materials.
2. Accommodate and expose the area, protecting it with a towel.
3. Prepare bed linens.
4. Inspect the area to be shaved.
5. Cut long hair with an electric razor and discard it.

Wet Preparation:

• Lather the area with wet gauze soaked with antiseptic soap.
• Shave the skin, stretching it without causing abrasions.
• Wash the area with antibacterial soap and dry thoroughly.

Dry Preparation:

• Shave the skin, stretching it without causing abrasions.
• Wash the area with antiseptic soap and dry thoroughly.

6. Collect the swab, ensuring no hairs remain on the bed.
7. Dispose of the razor in the appropriate container.
8. Notify

Abrasives: Reduce to Ashes

INS: Burn, burn up, roast, char.

ANT: Cool, freeze, turn off.

Embrace: Surrounding with Arms

INS: Gird, wrap, shake, host.

ANT: Loose, disengage, release.

Stalk: Watching, Waiting with Caution

INS: Monitor, spy, sight, look.

ANT: Disregard, neglect, forget, ignore.

Creep: Placing Snares, Traps

INS: Ambush, conspiracy, betrayal.

ANT: Reality, existence, authenticity, certitude.

Asar: Cook by Fire or Heat

INS: Scorch, sear, roast, steak.

ANT: Freeze, cool, refrigerate.

Azar: Unforeseen Events

INS: Luck, contingency, serendipity, accident.

ANT: Evidence, certainty, event, fact.

Kill: Deliberately Take Someone's Life

INS: Liquidate, remove, clear, stone.

ANT: Rebirth, cure, revive, relieve.

Acecinos: Salted and Smoked Meats

INS: Seasoning,... Continue reading "Words and Definitions: A Vocabulary Deep Dive" »

Essential Vocabulary

Assortment (collection): A group of similar things (with different sizes, colors, etc.).
Bottom line (in brief): The most important factor to consider.
Commit a crime: To do something illegal or bad.
Crave: To beg or plead for.
Disruptive (problematic): Confusing, disturbing.
Drop (down): To go down.
Enrollment (registration): To record or note in a roll or list.
Imbalance (disequilibrium): The lack of balance.
Inmate (internal): A person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital.
Lack (lack of): To be deficient in; to have need of.
Level: A horizontal datum line or plane.
Liable (prone): Susceptible or exposed.
Measure: To determine the size, amount, etc., of something.
Nourishing (nutritional): To provide... Continue reading "Essential English Vocabulary and Idioms" »

Inpatient Detoxification Units

Description

The Commissioner for Drugs and Health Services offers the ability to perform detoxification in hospitals, so-called inpatient detoxification units. The UDH is the third level of devices, complementing the set of specialized outpatient and residential care devices. Patients are derived here when their personal situation makes outpatient detoxification risky.

Criteria

• Not meeting the criteria for outpatient detoxification.
• Therapeutic process aimed at abstinence.
• Admission is by way of urgency.
• Initial assessment at an outpatient facility.

Referral of Patients to Therapeutic Communities

Objective

To identify, motivate, and refer patients who have a psychosocial profile and a certain background, requiring a specific... Continue reading "Drug Addiction Treatment Programs: Detox, Rehab, Methadone" »

Main Obligations of Employers and Employees

The company must register with Social Security (SS) before starting activity (Model TA6). It must formalize the coverage of occupational risks with the SS or a mutual accident insurance company. It must enlist workers, assigning each a unique SS number. Any administrative act, such as communicating the cessation of work or a change of activity, should be reported to the SS within six calendar days.

Protective Action

Protective action consists of granting benefits, a set of economic measures that may be contributory or non-contributory.

• Contributory: Directed to workers and close relatives who meet the minimum contribution period.
• Non-Contributory: For beneficiaries who lack adequate resources and have

If I could choose a place to live, it would be in El Puertito de Güímar. It is not a big town, with few inhabitants, although in recent years the population has increased. I love watching the dawn as the sun reflects in the water of the beach. I enjoy strolling along the avenue with my bike and breathing the fresh air with the smell of the sea.

I can go to the beach or the pool to bathe without the worry of searching for parking. Once you park your car, you forget everything because you can move from one side to another of the town by walking, biking, or skating. You can buy groceries in supermarkets or small shops. There is also a pharmacy, a bookstore, a bakery, and several restaurants.

But what I like most is when night comes. I like to... Continue reading "Tranquil Living in El Puertito de Güímar: A Coastal Paradise" »

Causative Agent

Malaria in humans is caused by four species of the protozoan parasite Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. Among these, P. falciparum is the most infectious and lethal.

Vector

The primary vector for malaria is the female Anopheles mosquito.

Description

Malaria is the most significant tropical parasitic disease globally, causing more deaths than tuberculosis. It has had a devastating impact on many developing countries, particularly in Africa, resulting in numerous fatalities, high medical costs, and significant loss of workdays.

Symptoms

• Attacks of fever
• Anemia
• Chills
• Joint pain
• Headaches

In cerebral malaria, infected red blood cells obstruct brain blood vessels, potentially damaging vital organs and often leading... Continue reading "Malaria: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention" »

Management of the Prevention of Risks in the Enterprise

Management has changed throughout history with the changes in the ways of understanding work and has influenced such important factors as:

• The economic cost of damage and injury accidents.
• The industrial action of the union movement.

Remember that the management of risk prevention should be characterized as scientific, interdisciplinary, comprehensive, integrated, and participatory. The obligation of any manager is to manage resources, both material and human, for economic and social benefits, so they generate satisfactory working conditions.

Methods to Assess Occupational Risks

These methods allow to assess and rank their degree of danger, to facilitate its correction. Some methods, such as... Continue reading "Occupational Risk Prevention and Management in the Workplace" »

Water Safety: Accident Prevention

Speaking about the prevention of water rescue, one must refer to actions that are in place to prevent the occurrence of accidents. Fortunately, these actions are much more common than lifesaving.

Causes of Aquatic Accidents

In general, accidents can be attributed to:

• Access to risk.
• Ignorance, neglect, or underestimation of risk.
• Lack of resources for prevention and intervention (lifeguard, signs, information boards, etc.).
• Inability to cope with the difficulties encountered.

Principles of Aquatic Accident Prevention

Establishing an effective prevention system in a particular aquatic environment involves the proper development of the following principles:

• Identification of risks.
• Control of risks.
• Elimination of risks.

Spanish Social Security: Schemes and Benefits

Schemes

• General Scheme: Employees in industry and services, including artists, athletes, bullfighters, rail workers, commercial service providers, and local administration officials.
• Special Scheme: Self-employed individuals, domestic workers, agricultural workers, maritime workers, miners, students, government officials, and civilian and military personnel.

Membership and Social Security Number

Application for Membership/Social Security Number: This number is required to access social security benefits and track your work activity.

Affiliation: While working, you are required to join one of the two schemes and contribute before starting work.

Temporary Disability

• Causes: Common illness, non-occupational