Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for English

Henry VIII

Henry VIII

By 1525, Henry's wife, Catherine of Aragon, had borne only one child, a girl named Mary. Henry decided to have the marriage annulled, or declared invalid based on church laws.

The Pope would not give his consent for King Henry VIII to divorce Catherine of Aragon.

Therefore, in 1534 he broke with the Catholic Church and the Act of Supremacy was passed, under which he appointed himself head of the Church of England or Anglican Church.

In 1533, Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII were secretly married.

After Parliament had declared Henry's marriage to Catherine null and void, Anne gave birth to a girl, Elizabeth.

Religious division in Europe

Religious division in Europe

In 1520, Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther, or expelled him from the Church.

Present Perfect

Tense Changes in Reported Speech

• Present Simple to Past Simple: "I train every day." He said (that) he trained every day.
• Present Continuous to Past Continuous: "I'm having a shower." He said (that) he was having a shower.
• Present Perfect to Past Perfect: "We haven't seen it yet." They said (that) they hadn't seen it yet.
• Past Simple to Past Perfect: "I met her at 3 pm." He said (that) he had met her at 3 pm.
• Imperative to Infinitive: "Be quiet." He told us to be quiet.
• Can to Could: "I can't swim." He said (that) he couldn't swim.
• Will to Would: "I'll send you a postcard." He said (that) he'd send us a postcard.
• Must/Have to to Had to: "You must study harder." He said (that) we had to study harder.
• May to Might: "It may be true." He said (that) it

Mastering English Grammar: Verb Forms & Sentence Structure

This document provides a series of English grammar exercises focusing on conditional sentences, passive voice, gerunds, infinitives, and sentence negation. It includes prompts and corrected answers to help reinforce key grammatical concepts.

Page 82 Exercises

Conditional Sentences: Choose the Correct Words

1. Would polar bears...
2. ...if we don't protect...
3. ...warming continues?
4. What would you...
5. If you turned...
6. If scientists find...

Conditional Sentences: Verb Form Completion

1. If you were ill, I would come.
2. Would you visit me if...
3. If I go to the cinema, I will call you.
4. I didn't have so much...
5. ...if you don't pass?

Third Conditional Sentences: Completion

1. She wouldn't have bought... if she had known.

Mastering Irregular Verbs in English

Understanding Irregular Verbs

Unlike regular verbs that follow a predictable pattern by adding -ed or -d to form the past simple and past participle, irregular verbs have unique forms that must be memorized. This list provides a comprehensive overview of common irregular verbs in English, along with their past simple and past participle forms.

List of Irregular Verbs

B

• Be - Was/Were - Been (Ser/Estar)
• Beat - Beat - Beaten (Golpear)
• Become - Became - Become (Llegar a ser)
• Begin - Began - Begun (Empezar)
• Bend - Bent - Bent (Doblar)
• Bet - Bet - Bet (Apostar)
• Bite - Bit - Bitten (Morder)
• Bleed - Bled - Bled (Sangrar)
• Blow - Blew - Blown (Soplar)
• Break - Broke - Broken (Romper)
• Bring - Brought - Brought (Traer)
• Build - Built

• more (+ clause) ... less (+ clause)

The more you sleep, the less you do.

Other combinations of These patterns are possible.

Examples:

"The harder Joe worked, the more he earned."

"The more he ate, the fatter he got."

NOTES

A. Neither of the two Clauses in the + comparative + the sentences makes sense without the other.

B. In writing, a comma Is used to separate the two clauses.

C. Both clauses need a Verb.

D. In some expressions With better, no verbs are needed.

Jim: When shall I come round to see you?

Tim: The Sooner, the better.

Other comparative Constructions

1- as...As

This construction can Be used with adjectives or adverbs to make comparisons between two things or People.

"I’m As tall as my brother."

"Trains Don’t travel as fast as planes."... Continue reading "Comparative Constructions and Extreme Adjectives" »

Transformations with QUANTIFIERS. Use 5 words maximum

- He doesn't want anything else to be put in his bag.

- The exam was too long for them to finish it in time.

- Is there any chance of you winning the competition?

- Every guest sang happy birthday to the host.

- There was hardly any seat left in the cinema.

- Andrew was sure nothing was missing from his luggage.

- There isn't anything left in this sugar bottle.

- Most of the people who visit this museum come from London.

- Few people believe that he was the murderer.

- None of the others agreed with me.

Transformations with MODALS. Use 5 words maximum

- You aren't allowed to take the camera into the museum.

- They let him go on the excursion if he wanted to.

- Workers may have a cigarette during the break.... Continue reading "Transformations with Quantifiers and Modals" »