Plant Transport Systems: Xylem, Phloem, and Transpiration
Classified in Biology
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Adaptation of Xylem to its Function
- Long, made from cells joined end to end to form tubes/vessels
- Cell walls thickened with lignin, a hard, strong material
- Lignin makes cell walls waterproof
- Cells have no cytoplasm or organelles (no cell contents)
- No end-to-end walls between cells
- Pits in the walls for water movement between vessels
Define Transpiration
Loss of water vapor from plant leaves by evaporation of water at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells followed by diffusion of water vapor through the stomata.
Leaves have many more stomata in their lower epidermis than they do in their upper epidermis, and most transpiration happens there.
Factors Affecting Transpiration
- The large internal surface area provided by the interconnecting air spaces between