Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Baccalaureate

Nervous Coordination and the Neuron System

Nervous coordination is carried out by the nervous system. This system is made up of nerve tissue whose cells, called neurons, are capable of transmitting information through nerve impulses.

Structure and Function of Neurons

Neurons are typically divided into three main parts:

• Cell Body (Soma): Contains the nucleus and other essential organelles.
• Dendrites: Short, branch-like projections that receive signals.
• Axon: A longer projection that transmits signals away from the cell body. It ends in a series of slender branches that widen slightly at the tip, called axon terminals.

In general, axons are protected by a white substance called myelin. The axons of various neurons sometimes group together to form nerve

The Interaction Function

The interaction function enables people to perceive changes and stimuli that occur both inside their bodies and their environment, to interpret or process them and generate coordinated responses in order to survive.

1.1 Perceiving Stimuli

The interaction function can be divided into 3 stages: perception of stimuli, processing of the information and generation of responses.

A stimulus is a physical or chemical change that takes place outside or inside the body and triggers a response in it.

Our bodies contain specialist cells, called receptors, which perceive stimuli and send the information they detect to the coordination centres.

Types of Receptors

• Internal receptors perceive changes inside the body, such as a rise in blood

Key Benefits of Using Solar Power

• Clean energy
• Renewable energy

Future of Photovoltaic Systems in Industrial and Developing Countries

Does the future hold a place for photovoltaic (PV) systems in both industrial and less developed countries?

Yes, because the problem of CO2 emissions is getting bigger, and it is necessary to invest immediately in new sources of renewable energy.

Advantages of Off-Grid PV Systems for Emergency Applications

What are some advantages of using off-grid PV systems for emergency call boxes and emergency warning signals?

• They save the cost of extending power lines to far-away locations.
• In the event of an electrical failure, they will still function.

Major Disadvantage of PV Systems

PVs require light to operate. What is one big

Stages in Customer Service

A set of quick and flexible procedures is fundamental to avoid problems.

Usual stages are:

1. Ordering: Using a computer management tool to fill in data such as customer name and number code.
2. Information Request: This has improved tremendously in many companies.
3. Claim and/or Complaint Management: Nowadays, this is mainly done through contact centers, but the internet is rapidly growing.

When dealing with claims, consider:

• Who the claims should be addressed to.
• What data to send to the customer.
• Establish three levels of response: serious claims for superiors, and lower and middle-class claims to solve internally.
• General claims that do not require any actions.
• False or imaginary claims caused by misunderstandings should be addressed,

Important Oracle SQL Data Dictionary Views

Important Oracle SQL tablespaces views include: dba_tablespaces, dba_data_files, dba_tables, user_types, user_source.

Creating Complex Object Types

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE direccion AS OBJECT(
    calle VARCHAR2(50),
    numero NUMBER(3),
    piso NUMBER(2),
    puerto VARCHAR2(1),
    codpostal NUMBER(5),
    localidad VARCHAR2(50),
    provincia VARCHAR2(50)
);

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE persona AS OBJECT(
    dni VARCHAR2(9),
    nombre VARCHAR2(50),
    apellido1 VARCHAR2(50),
    apellido2 VARCHAR2(50),
    telefono NUMBER(9),
    fecha_nac DATE,
    direccion direccion
);

Creating Tables Using Object Types

CREATE TABLE agenda OF persona;

DESC agenda; -- Visualize table structure


CREATE TABLE agenda2

Music Concerts

Yes, I usually go to large concerts but it depends on the concert and if I like the music or not.

For example, in my opinion, large classical music concerts are a bit boring, since it isn't my musical taste. But the concerts of rap, pop, etc., are more entertaining because I like that music.

In conclusion, going to a large concert depends on the tastes of each person, as they may be boring or not.

1. No, he doesn't, because according to the text writer, the performance may be a single musician.
2. Yes, I can, because concerts are held in a wide variety of settings

E-commerce Fundamentals

Payment Methods for Online Shoppers

Online shoppers commonly use a credit card or a PayPal account to make payments. Other alternative methods include:

• Billing to mobile phones
• Cash on delivery (COD)
• Check
• Debit card
• Electronic money
• Gift cards
• Postal money order
• Invoice

Product Delivery Options

• Downloading (for music, movies, images, etc.)
• Drop shipping (the manufacturer ships the item directly to the consumer)
• In-store pick up (collecting items at a physical shop)
• Printing or by e-mail (tickets for concerts, cinema, etc.)

Market Share and Statistics

E-commerce represented 8% of sales in the USA. In 2012, there were 242 million people shopping online in China.

Advantages of E-commerce

• Convenience

  Online shops are usually available 24 hours

Essential Cost Management Principles

Core Concepts for Multiple Choice

Cost Driver Concept

A cost driver is any factor or activity that has a direct cause-effect relationship with the resources consumed.

Flow of Overhead Costs in ABC

Understand the flow of overhead costs in an Activity-Based Costing (ABC) system:

1. Identify and classify the activities involved in the manufacture of specific products and assign overhead cost pools.
2. Identify the cost driver that has a strong correlation to the costs accumulated in each cost pool.
3. Compute the activity-based overhead rate for each cost pool.
4. Allocate overhead costs to products using the overhead rates determined for each cost pool.

Most Difficult Product Cost to Compute

Of the three product costs, manufacturing