Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Baccalaureate

English Grammar Practice Exercises

Test your knowledge of English grammar with these sentence structure and tense exercises:

• 1. How long have you had your tablet?
• 2. I haven’t been to a Rolling Stones concert for 25 years.
• 3. After David had written his mother an email, he apologized for his behavior.
• 4. I am having lunch with Joyce today.
• 5. He is the most famous person we have ever met.
• 6. Shaun stopped eating junk food a month ago.
• 7. Although it was raining, we went hiking.
• 8. Despite my complaints, I did not get a pay rise.
• 9. In spite of the new app being intuitive and user-friendly, I couldn’t get it installed.
• 10. There weren’t as many people at this meeting as at the last one.
• 11. Susie’s performance was more impressive than Adriana’s.

I. Reading: Saving Lives

1. What is Albert’s job?

Albert is a lifeguard.

2. How long has he been a lifeguard?

He has worked as a lifeguard for 4 years.

3. What are his work hours?

He works from 9 to 5.

4. Does he work only during the week?

No, he doesn't. He also works on Saturdays and two Sundays a month.

5. How many Sundays a month does he work?

He works two Sundays a month.

6. What are his duties at work?

His duties are to keep people safe and give advice to keep people free from being assaulted, injured, or sunburned.

7. What do Albert’s friends think of this job?

They think he should quit and take the opportunity to rest and go out during the weekend.

II. Use of English

a. Put the words in the correct order

• 1. Has your boyfriend ever been skiing in

Chapter 29: The Magnetic Field

Magnetic Poles and Materials: Like poles repel (+ +), opposite poles attract (+ -). Paramagnetic materials are magnetized only in the presence of a strong external magnetic field. Magnetic flux flows from north to south.

Gauss's Law for Magnetism

The magnetic flux through any closed surface is always zero. There is no way to isolate a north or south magnetic pole (no magnetic monopoles).

The most elementary electric field is from a point charge (a static charge), while the most elementary magnetic flux density is from a magnetic dipole (a small magnet or magnetic bar).

The induced magnetic dipole always has an opposite pole facing the solenoid.

Solenoid:

An electric charge experiences a magnetic force in a magnetic field,... Continue reading "Physics Formulas and Concepts: Magnetism, Induction, and Optics" »

Basic Level (BS)

Exercise Set O1

1. This is the least comfortable car I’ve ever driven.
2. Unless you drive (more) slowly, he will not go with you.
3. Despite (her) being a good lawyer, she doesn’t always win her cases.
4. Claudia is likely to know the right answer.
5. I’d rather you didn’t touch my laptop.
6. You will be taken to the train station in a fancy car.

Exercise Set O2

7. It was such a cold evening that we decided to stay indoors.
8. I would like to know what time the next bus to York is.
9. I gave her a watch which stopped working two days later.
10. His mother warned Peter not to leave the door unlocked.
11. By the time we get to the theatre, the play will have (already) begun.
12. My sister used to eat a lot of sweets when she was a child.

Standard Level (S)

Exercise Set O1

1. This

Decision Making and Career Development

• Decision Making: A wise decision, be faced with, feel uncertain about, give priority to, have the freedom to, lose out, reach a decision, settle on, struggle, take advice, think over, weigh up.
• Professional Terms: Account, current, hands-on, invest, get a foot in the door, on the lookout, result in, suit.
• Career Path: Growing industry, pension plan, reference letter, starting salary, vacant position, be made redundant, be self-employed, get a promotion, health insurance, perks of the job, work overtime, be fired, board, lead, set, fold, point.

Financial Literacy and Time Management

• Finance: Allowance, balance, blessing, debit card, donate, fortune, income, live on, repay debt, savings, small change, wealthy.

Understanding Modern Youth Pressure

Nowadays, young people live in a society where expectations are very high. In fact, many teenagers feel stressed because they must succeed in different areas of their lives. The question is: why do children today feel so much pressure?

Academic and Social Drivers

• Academic Demands: Students aiming for a successful future must obtain excellent results, leading to heavy homework loads and high-stakes exams.
• Social Media Influence: Millions of young people use social media, where curated, perfect lifestyles create constant pressure and unhealthy comparisons.

The Role of Pressure in Development

Some argue that pressure is necessary to prepare young people for adult life. Responsibility and discipline are skills developed... Continue reading "Understanding Youth Pressure and Juvenile Justice" »

Reading 1: The Biology of Sleep and Night Owls

Many teenagers, like Brian, struggle to wake up for school. While teachers might perceive them as lazy, science suggests a different reason. Every human has an internal body clock, or chronotype, controlled by "clock genes." In teenagers, the body releases melatonin (the sleep hormone) much later than in adults. This means their brains are not ready to sleep until 11:00 p.m. or later. When they must wake up at 7:00 a.m., they suffer from social jet lag and feel exhausted. Scientists suggest that starting school later could make students more focused and productive.

Comprehension Questions

• True or False? Teenagers are tired in the morning because they are irresponsible.
  Answer: False. Quote: "Science

Essential English Vocabulary List

• Shiver: To shake because of cold or fear.
• Rant: To speak wildly and noisily; loud, violent talk.
• Cutlery: Utensils used for eating, such as knives, forks, and spoons.
• Barrister: A lawyer.
• Aghast: Filled with amazement, disgust, fear, or terror.
• Reek: An unpleasant smell; to give off unpleasant smells; to give a strong impression.
• Dreadlocks: A hairstyle in which the hair hangs in long, thick, twisted pieces.
• Demeanor: Behavior; manner of conducting oneself.
• Sheer: Absolute.
• Devious: Dishonest or deceptive; tricky.
• Regardless: In spite of everything; anyway; without regard to.
• Wink: Closing one eye quickly as a signal.
• Bail: A sum of money used as a security deposit to ensure that an accused person returns for his or her

Thread Pool Server Implementation

ThreadPoolExecutor executor = (ThreadPoolExecutor) Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(4444)) {
    while (true) {
        System.out.println("\n Listening for a client connection");
        Socket socketForClient = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("\n New connection accepted: " + socketForClient.getRemoteSocketAddress());
        WorkerThread task = new WorkerThread(socketForClient);
        System.out.println("Task created: " + task);
        executor.submit(task);
    }
}

public WorkerThread(Socket socketForClient) {
    this.socketForClient = socketForClient;
}

Network Programming MCQ Answers

• Q4: The interest set defines what operations the

1. Schemă – Essay (Opinion / Discussion)

• Lungime: 140–190 cuvinte
• Stil: Semi-formal
• Structură: 4–5 paragrafe

Structură Detaliată

Paragraful 1 – Introducere

• Reformulezi subiectul.
• Menționezi că există opinii diferite.

Model:

• Nowadays, there is a debate about…
• While some people believe…, others think…

Paragraful 2 – Prima idee dată

• Explici ideea.
• Oferi un exemplu.

Conectori:

• On the one hand,
• Firstly,
• One advantage is that…

Paragraful 3 – A doua idee dată

Conectori:

• On the other hand,
• Secondly,
• However,

Paragraful 4 – Ideea ta / Opinia ta

• In my opinion,
• I believe that…
• It seems to me that…

Concluzie

• In conclusion,
• To sum up,
• All things considered,

2. Schemă – Email (Informal)

• Lungime: 140–190 cuvinte
• Destinatar: Prieten / coleg

Structură

Început

• Hi