Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Arts and Humanities

Essential English Vocabulary by Topic

Digital Technology and Online Life

• Charging a mobile phone
• Uploading photos
• Checking messages
• Designing software
• Using a landline phone
• Accessing the internet
• Search engine
• Social networking
• Mobile network
• Power
• Crash (computer)
• Use social media
• Keep in touch
• Post updates
• Account (online)
• Post comments
• Wireless technology
• Help to develop
• Delete
• Out of date
• Gadget
• User-friendly
• Save (data)
• Up-to-date
• Device store information
• Do a search
• Go viral
• Download apps
• Solve a problem
• Go online
• Laptop
• Screen
• Digital camera
• Webcam
• Headphones
• Keyboard
• Printer
• Scanner
• Tablet

Crime, Law, and News Media

• Masked
• Attack
• Brag
• Get away
• Witness
• Thief
• Evidence
• Suspect
• Robbery
• Patrol
• Prevent
• Goes off (alarm)
• Lock
• Break the law
• Safe (secure)
• Burglar alarm
• Press (media)
• Reporters
• Front page
• Daily

Inflection vs. Syntax: Analyzing Grammatical Forms

The difference between a synthetic and an analytical form or expression is fundamentally related to the mechanism by which grammatical meanings are conveyed. Whereas synthetic languages rely on inflection, analytical languages require syntactic combinations to convey such meanings.

Defining Synthetic and Analytical Forms

• Synthetic languages use inflection (affixes or morphemes added to a word) to express grammatical features, such as verbal tense, person, or number.
• Analytical languages require syntactic combinations (using multiple words, auxiliaries, or prepositions) to convey these same meanings.

Case Studies: Adjectives and Possessives

Consider the following examples:

1. More complicated
2. Peter’s

Deterritorialization and Identity Formation

Territory does not provide a specific identity; everything depends on the landscapes, which are affected by mobility and migration. Everyone builds their own identity.

Appadurai's Five Global Cultural Flows (Scapes)

These flows are typically divided into five interconnected dimensions:

• Ethnoscapes: Refers to origins according to family—how identity is formed based on family ties, not necessarily birthplace.
• Technoscapes: How technologies are established and influence different patterns of consumer behavior.
• Financescapes: The movement of money across borders and how consumers relate to these global financial movements.
• Mediascapes: How information and images are transmitted across borders.
• Ideoscapes: Contains

Essential Media and Digital Terminology

Dry Version

A pre-recorded item that includes only the spoken word—that is, no music or sound effects.

Debriefing

A detailed discussion about work that has been done.

Deputy Editor

The second editor in line.

Desktop Publishing (DTP)

Based around a page layout program, which lets you import text from a word processor, clip art from graphics packages, and images from scanners or cameras, arranging them all on a page. It is used to design and publish books, newspapers, posters, advertisements, and more.

Digital Art / Computer Art

Art created with applications that use mathematical formulas to generate beautiful, bright shapes called fractals.

Drop Shadows

The shadow an object creates on a surface.

DivX

A format used... Continue reading "Essential Media and Digital Terminology Defined" »

TV & Film Glossary

A-C

Audience

A group of spectators or listeners.

Box-Office Hit

A film that has collected a lot of money.

Cast

The actors in a film, play, or other performance.

Channel

A television station and its programs.

Character

A person represented in a drama.

Childhood

The period of life before puberty.

Contestant

A person who takes part in a contest or competition.

H-L

High Point

A moment or occasion of great intensity, interest, happiness, etc.

Hoax

An intentional farce that is commonly believed to be true.

Let-Down

A disappointment.

Light Bulb

A glass bulb containing a gas at low pressure and enclosing a thin metal filament that emits light when an electric current is passed through it.

Live

Transmitted at the time of performance.

N-S

Network

An interconnected... Continue reading "The Ultimate TV & Film Glossary: From Box-Office Hits to Special Effects" »

The Pervasiveness of Digital Advertising

People spend significant time online, leading to a surge in online advertising campaigns. Nearly every webpage displays adverts. Is this effective business or a privacy invasion?

Benefits of Digital Advertising

Digital advertising offers consumers easy access to information about brands and desired items. Price comparisons and identifying the best deals are effortless, preventing potential purchase regrets.

Downsides of Digital Advertising

Conversely, digital advertising can be incredibly irritating. Pop-up adverts are particularly bothersome, popular with advertisers due to their intrusive nature, often requiring clicks to close. This frequently leads to retargeting, where company adverts follow users... Continue reading "Digital Advertising and Technology's Impact: A Privacy Concern" »

Essential Vocabulary for Relationships

U.4 Acquaintance

• Adventurous
• Argue: Discutir
• Arrange: Acordar
• Attraction
• Average height: Estatura media
• Aware of: Consciente de
• Background: Entorno
• Break up: Separarse
• Broken-hearted: Desconsolado
• Cheerful: Alegre
• Claim: Afirmar
• Close friend: Amigo íntimo
• Compatibility
• Confident: Seguro de uno mismo
• Couple
• Curly hair: Pelo rizado
• Dark
• Dark hair
• Dark skin: Piel oscura
• Darkness: Oscuridad
• Date: Cita
• Decide
• Describe
• Divorced
• Doubt
• Energetic
• Engaged: Comprometido
• Fair hair: Pelo claro
• Fall in love
• Fiancee
• Friend
• Generous
• Get along: Llevarse bien
• Get to know: Llegar a conocer
• Give it a chance: Una oportunidad
• Go out: Salir con
• Good-looking: Atractivo
• Great sense of humor: Gran sentido del humor
• Grow apart: Distanciarse
• Happiness
• Hard-working: Trabajador
• Helpful
• Impress:

Essential Vocabulary for Social Interaction

Understanding the nuances of relationship vocabulary is crucial for effective communication. This glossary defines key verbs and phrases used to describe feelings, connections, and conflicts between people.

Positive Relationships and Admiration

These terms describe feelings of approval, closeness, and high regard for others:

• Admire: To look at someone as an example or regard them with respect and approval.
• Adore: To love and respect someone deeply.
• Respect: Deep admiration felt for someone based on their abilities, qualities, or achievements.
• Look Up To: To admire or hold someone in high regard.
• Compliment: An expression of admiration, praise, or respect.
• Praise: To express deep approval of someone's actions

Nurse's Song (E): A Critical Analysis

Blake viewed the natural child as an embodiment of the creative imagination, the spiritual core of human beings. He was concerned about how social institutions, such as the school system and parental authority, stifle the capacity for imaginative vision. The child's capacity for joy and play are expressions of this imagination.

The apparent joy and innocence of the first three lines are undermined by the reversal of expectation in the fourth. It becomes clear that these are the reflections of a ‘sick' mind rather than a benevolent one. This pattern is repeated in the second stanza, where the first two lines (featured in Nurse's Song (I)) are exposed by the second two.

In the same way, what is presented as... Continue reading "Analyzing Blake's Nurse's Song: Jealousy and Control" »