Zoofilia abnormal sexual behavior

Amputation 

Types: Disarticulation-amp performed through joint; closed amp-amp performed to create a stump that

can be effectively used for prosthesis; minor amp-refer to amps performed on foot below ankle joint;

major amps- above level of wrist or ankle (produce stump); shoulder dis, above elbow, elbow dis, below

elbow, wrist dis, partial hand, hemi corpectomy (above hip), hip dis, above knee, knee dis,

below kneee, syme (ankle), partial foot

Causes:Diabetes, diseases (vascular, cardiovascular, bone cancer, tumor), trauma (corn husking/corn

belt), combat, car accidents, elderly, infections, congenital abnormalities

Risks: edema (swelling), ulceration, wound infection, skin breakdown, pain, contractures, bony

overgrowth, phantom limb, neuromas, hyperesthesia 

Considerations with prosthetic: skin breakdown, comfort, durability, weight, speed vs strength, lack of

sensory feedback, takes excessive energy to use, ridiculously expensive, patience, only lasts 2-5 years

depending on activity, the more proximal amp the more diff to fit and control, heavy, debilitating

Factors: fear, anger, depression, adjustment, ages 20-50 most likely to work, education, prior vocation

and work history, adjustment, males more likely to return to work than females, higher levels of amp less

likely to return, lower limb amp 66% return, kids adjust better, living with a unilateral is generally easier 

PTSD 

7 to 8 out of 100 people with PTSD at some point, 8 mill adults have PTSD during a given year, 10 of

every 100 women develop in life, 4 of every 100 men, women are slightly less likely to experience trauma,

23 out of 100 women in military report sexual assault, 55 out of 100 women and 38 out of 100 men in

military experience sexual harassment 

Criteria: A) stressor, person was exposed to death, threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury,

or actual or threatened sexual violence in direct exposure, witnessing trauma, learning that a relative or

close friend was exposed to trauma, indirect exposure to aversive details of trauma; B) intrusion

symptoms, traumatic event is persistently re-experienced in unwanted upsetting memories, nightmares,

flashbacks, emotional distress after exposure to trauma, physical reactivity after exposure to trauma; C)

avoidance of trauma related stimuli after trauma in trauma related thoughts or feelings, trauma related

external reminders; D) negative alterations in cognitions and mood, negative thoughts or feelings that

began or worsened after trauma in inability to recall key features of trauma, overly negative thoughts and

assumptions about oneself or the world, exaggerated blame of self or other for causing trauma, negative

affect, decreased interest in activities, feeling isolated, diff experiencing positive affect; E) alterations in

arousal and reactivity, trauma related arousal and reactivity that began or worsed after the trauma in

irritability or aggression, risky or destructive behavior, hypervigilance, heightened startled reaction, diff

concentrating, diff sleeping; F) duration, symptoms last for more than 1 month; G) functional significance,

symptoms create distress or functional impairment; H) exclusion, symps are not due to medication,

substance use or other illness 

Dissociative specification: in addition to meeting criteria for diagnosis, an individual experiences high

levels of either depersonalization or derealization; Delated specification: full diagnostive criteria are not

met until at least 6 months after trauma, although onset of symptoms may occur immediately 

Characteristics: re-experiencing (flashbacks, intrusive mems, nightmares, upsetting thoughts, distress,

reliving event, increased heart rate, sweating), avoidance and emotional numbing (effort to avoid thoughts

and feelings, avoid places and people, keep self busy, emotionally numb, detach, trouble concentrating,

memory probs); hyper-arousal ( diff time falling asleep, more irritable, on guard, jumpy); negative thoughts

and beliefs (loss of interest, feeling distant, diff to be positive, no future, guilt, shame) 

Risk factors: reliving, getting hurt, seeing another person hurt, childhood trauma, sexual assault, horror,

helplessness, fear, little or no support, anxiety, depression

Treatment: therapy (prolonged exposure, cognitive processing therapy, eye movement desensitization,

emotion focus therapy, brief eclectiv psychotherapy, narrative exposure therapy) Meds (antidepressants,

anti-anxiety)