Urban Crowding and the Computer Revolution: Causes and Effects

Urban Crowding: Causes and Effects

The fact that the world's cities are getting more and more crowded is well-known. Cities such as Tokyo, Sao Paulo, Mumbai, and Shanghai are now considered 'mega-cities' because of their enormous size and huge populations. There are two main reasons why these and other cities are becoming so crowded: one economic, the other socio-cultural.

Economic Factors Driving Urbanization

First, the primary cause of cities becoming so crowded is economic. As a country develops, its cities become the engines of development; thus, jobs are available in these areas. Frankfurt, Istanbul, Mumbai, and Sao Paulo are all the economic centers of their countries. For example, Tokyo was the motor for Japan's rapid economic development in the 1960s and 1970s; as a result, its population increased rapidly. People moved to Tokyo because they could find employment and establish economic security for themselves and their families there.

Socio-Cultural Factors in Urban Migration

Another factor in the huge increase in urban populations is the socio-cultural factor. Thousands of people migrate to the cities not only for jobs but also for educational and personal reasons. The better universities are always located in big cities, and this attracts thousands of students every year, and these students stay on and work in the city after they graduate. Moreover, young people will move to the city as the villages and rural areas are more custom and tradition-oriented. Therefore, young people believe this is an obstacle to their personal freedom.

Conclusion

In conclusion, economic and cultural factors are the major causes of huge urban populations. People will always move to the areas which provide opportunity and to the places which can give them the freedom they desire.

The Computer Revolution: Transforming Our Lives

"What effects has the computer had on our lives?" The twenty-first century is already turning out to be the century of the computer. The computer revolution that started after the Second World War is now developing exponentially, and computers are beginning to influence and take over nearly every aspect of our lives. How are computers changing and affecting society? There are two areas in which computers have brought about a profound change in our lives: one is in the economic field, the other in the field of communications.

Computers: The Engine of Modern Economy

The impact of computers on our economic and business life has indeed been immense. Businesses now have to be computerized or they risk failure. Every big corporation bases its operations on computing, regardless of which sector they are in. Coca-Cola, the BBC, and Levi's market and sell different products and services, yet they all share one basic property - without computers, their operations would collapse. Moreover, computing is an economic dynamo. Japan, China, India, and many other countries have enormous IT sectors which drive their economies upwards. The developed world is moving from an industrial-based economy to a computer and IT-based one.

Revolutionizing Communication in the Digital Age

It's not just in business that computers have affected us so profoundly; communication has been revolutionized totally. Whereas before, people wrote letters, which would often take weeks to reach their destinations, or speak on the phone, which was terribly expensive, now they e-mail. Instead of waiting weeks for a letter, we can read it instantly, seconds after it's been written. As a result, people who live thousands of kilometers away from each other can communicate as much as they want and whenever they want using e-mail and/or chat rooms.

Conclusion

In conclusion, computers have had a profound effect on our lives in many ways, and it is in business and communication that they have had the greatest influence. In the future, if computers continue evolving at such speed, our business...