Understanding Scientific and Physical Concepts

Scientific Theory: A set of principles and laws capable of explaining a particular aspect of nature.

Physical Property: Any observable property of bodies which could be objectively quantified by a measurement process.

Physical Unit: Any arbitrary amount of a magnitude that is adopted by agreement as a pattern to that magnitude.

Types of Magnitudes

Extensive and intensive, scalar and vector.

• Intensive: All quantities whose numerical value does not depend on the size of the body being studied. Those that depend on the value of body size are extensive.

Scalar Quantities

Those that are completely defined by a numerical value and its corresponding unit.

Vector Quantities

Are those for which, besides the numerical value and the appropriate unit, you need to specify the direction in which they operate.

Vector Characteristics

A vector quantity is represented geometrically by a directed line segment and has the following characteristics:

• Module: The quantity of times that contains the appropriate unit and also the distance between the origin and the end of the segment that represents geometrically.
• Direction: Is the line that is applied on or over which it acts and coincides with the line containing a segment.
• Sense: It is one of two that has the line of direction and is indicated by the arrowhead of the line segment.
• Point of Application: Is where this applied or updated the vector and coincides with the origin or starting point of the line segment.

Sum of a Vector: Is the vector from the origin of the first to end the second.

The Zero Vector: Is one whose magnitude is zero, i.e., one whose origin and end match.

The Opposite of a Vector: Is another vector that added to it gives the zero vector.

The Unit Vector: The one whose modulus is unity.

Vector Position: It is a vector whose origin is the origin and whose end is the position of the body at any given time. r = x · i + j and ·

Displacement Vector: The vector defined by the initial position, which is the origin of the vector, and the final position, which will be the end. Its symbol is.

Space Traveled: The path that makes the mobile measured along the path.

Trajectory: The line is determined by the successive positions of the mobile in the course of their movement.

Average Speed: A mobile between two positions is the ratio of the displacement vector and the time between both positions.

Instantaneous Speed: It is one that has a mobile at any given time or on a particular point in his career.

Acceleration: Change in velocity that a body experiences in unit time.

Average Acceleration: Between two positions is the ratio between the variation of speed and elapsed time between the two.

Instantaneous Acceleration: It is the one with the phone in an instant or in a certain position.

MRU and MRUA Equations