Understanding Motivation and Emotion in Psychology

Motivation and Emotion: Key Concepts and Theories

Altea's Goal Setting and Test Adoption

Altea intends to adopt this test and look good in front of their peers to meet their goals. One goal is the implementation of the test.

McDougall's Instinct Theory

According to McDougall, which instinct corresponds to the following pattern: If a body is determined to achieve goals, despite difficulties, frustrations, and rages, it will be guided by the instinct of fight.

Incentives and Student Behavior

A student of motivation and emotion, after receiving a teacher's positive comment for a statement made in class, decides to increase their "class participation" behavior. In relation to this student's conduct, the teacher's comment served as a positive secondary, social, and direct incentive.

Weiner's Attributional Model

Joan failed statistics because, according to him, he studied little for the test. According to Weiner's attributional model (1979), this is an internal, unstable, and controllable attribution.

McClelland's Incentive Value of Success

According to McClelland, the incentive value of success depends on the probability of success.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow's motivational pyramid classifies motivations into different hierarchical levels.

Duration of Emotions

Which of the following emotions, once activated, has the shortest duration? Surprise.

Conflict Theory

Which of the following statements about conflict theory is incorrect? In an approach-approach conflict, there is a situation of stable equilibrium since the subject is resolved by choosing one or the other.

Functions of Sex

The functions of sex are reproduction and pleasant contingency, instrumental functions, and ancestry domain.

Freud's Interpretation of Dreams

From the text on Freud's "Interpretation of Dreams" that we read in class, we know that the content and function of dreams, according to this author, are a way of expressing wishes for fulfillment.

Physiological Basis of Hunger

Chronic lack of hunger is caused by an injury to the lateral hypothalamus.

Physiological Basis of Thirst

When we drink after intense physical effort, hypovolemic thirst is involved.

Achievement Motivation and Task Difficulty

When the task is either easy or very difficult, people with a low need for achievement are more likely to strive for good performance than those with a high need for achievement.

Csikszentmihalyi's Flow Theory

Csikszentmihalyi's theory predicts that the flow experience (intense intrinsic motivation) occurs when a person's skills match the task's difficulty.

Self-Worth Protection Strategies

Roberto, although he stayed up all night studying, only managed to deliver a "fair" report. He would rather have just worked a little late. From the integrated theory of achievement motivation, this would be a strategy to hide his effort and protect his self-worth.

Milgram's Obedience Studies

Milgram's studies (1963) sought to examine the conflict between obedience and personal conscience.

The Bystander Effect

In the Kitty Genovese case, it was found that we help less when there are more people around than when we are alone.

Lazarus's Appraisal Theory

According to Lazarus, a person's assessment of their ability to influence what happens is part of the secondary appraisal process.

Emotional Regulation

What is the incorrect statement? Emotions cannot be regulated by sociocultural mechanisms.

Emotional State and Memory

Experiments on the effect of emotional state on memory show that if we are sad during both learning and recall, we recall a larger number of words.

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

The facial feedback hypothesis maintains that the perception of bodily change, specifically regional-visual, leads to the subjective experience of emotion.

James-Lange Theory of Emotion

Which of the following cases aligns with the James-Lange theory? Physiological activation is necessary for the existence of an emotional response.

Defining Hostility

What is the key element in the definition of hostility? It is a cognitive emotional attitude.

Development of Shame

Carlitos is 4 years old and has a good level of development. The other day, when he dropped a tray at his parents' friends' house, he felt great shame. His parents had never seen him so flushed. Indicate the correct choice: Shame arises from the evaluation of personal identity according to certain standards or norms.

Duration of Emotional Phenomena

Arrange the following emotional phenomena in terms of their duration (from shortest to longest): Emotional reactions, facial expressions, moods, emotional disorders.