Understanding Human Nature, Culture, and Ethics

1.1 Human Nature

The set of characteristics and properties shared by all humans. These traits identify us as a species, distinguishing us from the rest. It is our biological heritage.

1.2 Culture

A group of inventions produced by human intelligence, including language, clothing, and cuisine. It is our heritage. Human beings are a combination of nature and culture in which we live.

1.3 Ethics

A set of reflections on the goodness or badness of our conduct, on human behavior, and how behavior should be.

2.1 Human Intelligence

The ability to manage behavior effectively, using information to solve new problems. This includes:

• Conduct and behavior: Controlling how we care, learn, or desire.
• Helping us to choose the right goal and act effectively.

It raises new problems and makes great questions that have been made along the whole of human history.

3.1 The Social Status of the Human Being

Human beings are social beings; we need to live in society as our intelligence can only be developed in partnership.

3.2 Language

The essential component of intelligence and human society. We need language to think and communicate. Through words, we communicate, think, know the world, history, and establish relationships with others.

3.3 World Citizens

In spite of our differences in language, nation, religion, etc., we have a common nature, so we should consider ourselves world citizens.

4.1 Feelings

We are moved to act, so we have to have good feelings because it favors coexistence, culture, and equality.

4.2 Freedom

The ability of humans to act or not act, or to choose one way. Humans are free because we can choose our behavior.

4.3 The Will

It's the ability to make decisions and act responsibly in the sense determined by oneself. The ability to give orders and obey them ourselves. It is a set of four skills:

• Stop the momentum.
• Deliberate.
• Take decisions.
• Be able to support the effort and delay the reward.

5.1 The Value of Life and a Person

The fundamental problem that all societies have had to face throughout history. Good solutions recognize the dignity of all human beings and the rights deriving from this dignity, as outlined in Articles Three to Five of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.