Understanding Health Challenges, Systems, and Diseases

Health Challenges and Factors

Challenges:

• Increase spending on health for the whole population.
• Allocate resources efficiently.

"I'll get the health coverage for as many people as possible.

Factors:

• Immovable
• Modifiable

Environment:

• Physical contaminants
• Chemical pollutants
• Biological contaminants
• Social and labor-related pollution

Lifestyle:

• Do regular exercise
• No smoking
• Reduce or eliminate alcohol
• Not using drugs
• Have a healthy diet
• Sexual health

Biological Factors:

• Aging and genetic operators

Health Systems

A health system is the form by which a country organizes and funds health protection and the provision of medical services to its citizens. It is characterized by:

• Universal coverage
• Financing through taxes
• Guaranteeing equal access to resources and services

Pathology and Disease

Pathology: Science that deals with diseases.

Etiology: Study of the causes of diseases.

Pathogenesis: Mechanism of action research of the disease.

The pathology report is the results of the disorder and injuries.

Pathophysiology: Analyzes functional changes that the patient undergoes.

Clinic: Learn the signs that betray the disease.

• Signs: Objective data of patient review
• Symptoms: Alterations such as the patient feels and tells
• Additional tests: They provide additional information by applying different techniques

Infectious and Parasitic Diseases

Infectious and parasitic diseases are produced by biological pathogens.

• Incubation period: Between the entry of the pathogen in the body and the appearance of first symptoms.
• Development: Progression of the disease and its symptoms.
• Convalescence: Period that transpires, once the disease subsides, until the body returns to its initial state.

Prion Diseases:

Pathogens are prions, proteins with different settings to the protein virgin (BSE)

Viral Diseases:

Caused by viruses, intracellular parasites, acellular, consisting of nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat.

Bacterial Diseases:

Produced by bacteria, unicellular mostly beneficial for the body (leprosy, cholera, gonorrhea)

Mycoses:

Fungal (ringworm, candidiasis)

Parasitic Diseases Caused by Protozoa:

By consuming contaminated food or water or by insect bite (amebiasis, malaria, sleeping sickness)

Parasitic Diseases Caused by Metazoans:

Helminths or arthropods produced. H-> (pinworms, tapeworms) A-> (crab louse)