Understanding Cardiovascular Diseases and Related Conditions
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Arteriosclerosis vs. Atherosclerosis
These terms are similar, but distinct. Arteriosclerosis is a general term for hardening and loss of arterial elasticity. Atherosclerosis is hardening specifically caused by atherosclerotic plaques.
Heart Conditions
Heart Murmurs
Heart murmurs are pathological noises heard during auscultation, caused by increased flow through normal valves, valve alterations, intracardiac abnormalities, or extracardiac issues. They can be systolic, diastolic, or continuous.
Tachycardia
Tachycardia is an increased heart rate, specifically above one hundred beats per minute at rest.
Leukemia
Leukemia is a group of malignant bone marrow diseases causing an uncontrolled increase in white blood cells (WBC), often appearing in peripheral blood.
Coronary Arteries and Myocardial Infarction
Coronary Arteries
Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart's myocardium. They originate from the ascending aorta and fill with blood during ventricular diastole.
Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial infarction (heart attack) is related to coronary artery disease.
Weight Issues
Obesity
Obesity is a disease where excess energy is stored as fat, leading to health conditions or increased mortality.
Overweight
Overweight indicates excess weight relative to height in humans.
Blood Pressure Measurement
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood against artery walls, essential for circulating blood and supplying oxygen and nutrients.
Sphygmomanometer
A sphygmomanometer is a medical instrument used to measure blood pressure.