Tourism Market: Consumer Motivation & Impacts
Classified in Geography
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Consumer Motivation in Tourism
Client motivation arises when consumers satisfy their needs and their perception of the attractions aligns. Motivation factors include:
- Religion
- Education
- Sightseeing
- Health
- Relaxation
- Sports
- Socialization
- Business
Factors that enable motivation include:
- Time
- Money
- Money Exchange
- Transportation
- Accommodation
- Health Standards
- Testimonials/Passport
Tour Operator Business Model: TUI Example
TUI has shifted its business model to improve its market target, primarily due to diversification. They have invested in their own product offerings, enabling them to create unique holidays for their customers. This is a key differentiation factor from their competitors. A TUI customer could be inspired by TUI, book with TUI, and then experience a TUI flight, TUI transfer in destination, TUI hotel/cruise, and TUI activity, as part of their end-to-end integrated product offering.
This means customers receive a holistic and seamless experience, while TUI receives more accurate information about what their customers truly want, helping their aim to further facilitate individualized offerings.
Climate Change: Environmental Consequences for Tourism
POSITIVE | NEGATIVE |
Protection of selected natural environments or prevention of further ecological decline. | Pollution (air, water, noise, solid waste, and visual). |
Preservation of historic buildings and monuments. | Loss of natural landscape and agricultural lands to tourism development. |
Improvement of the area's appearance (visual and aesthetic) | Loss of open space. Crowding and congestion. |
A “clean“ industry (no smokestacks) | Destruction of flora and fauna (including collection of plants, animals, rocks, coral, etc. by or for tourists). |
Degradation of landscape, historic sites, and monuments. | |
Water shortages. | |
Disruption of wildlife breeding cycles and behaviors. |
Demographic & Socio-cultural Impacts of Tourism
POSITIVE | NEGATIVE |
Improves quality of life | Excessive drinking, alcoholism, gambling |
Facilitates meeting visitors (educational experience) | Increased underage drinking |
Positive changes in values and customs | Crime, drugs, prostitution |
Promotes cultural exchange | Increased smuggling |
Improves understanding of different communities | Language and cultural effects |
Preserves cultural identity of host population | Unwanted lifestyle changes |
Increases demand for historical and cultural exhibits | Displacement of residents for tourism development |
Greater tolerance of social differences | Negative changes in values and customs |
Satisfaction of psychological needs | Family disruption |
Exclusion of locals from natural resources | |
New cliques modify social structure | |
Natural, political, and public relations calamities |