Telecom Network Cables and Components

Network Infrastructure Cables

2 Power Cords (Mains)

These stem from the main network cables and connect to distribution poles, manholes, or building facades. These cables are distributed through adequate piping. They run via interspersed small underground pipes and accessible local street access points called chambers. This set of power cables is called the mains.

3 Distribution Cables

This is the network of branches feeding through lateral paths using lower capacity cables. This set is called the distribution network. These network cables, in turn, divide and end at interconnection points, from which the various subscriber lines originate.

These interconnection points are of two types:

• If they are outdoors and contain a small number of pairs, they are called terminal boxes.
• When the number of network pairs is larger and they are inside buildings, they are called junction boxes.

Subscriber Line

The wires that form the subscriber line range from the endpoint of the external line (terminal box) to the subscriber termination or network termination point (NTP); also referred to as building access terminals (BAT). Subscriber line installations have changed dramatically since the implementation of ICT policy.

1 Subscriber Lines Prior to ICT Policy

Although under current legislation, subscriber lines must comply with ICT legislation, which prevents these types of facilities from being installed externally on the facades of new buildings. However, many previously undertaken installations predate this legislation.

2 Interconnection Elements and Cables for Subscriber Lines

The installation can begin at a junction box or terminal box.

If starting from junction boxes, cable laying normally takes place inside buildings.

If starting from the terminal box, poles are used to carry wires to the subscriber's home. These cables are classified as follows:

• Self-Supporting Subscriber Cables: Consist of two copper conductors and a steel support wire, laid parallel and insulated by a layer of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
• Urban Reinforced Subscriber Cables: Made up of two copper conductors, insulated with PVC, protected by a steel wire mesh, and covered with PVC.
• Bimetallic Subscriber Cable: Made up of two steel conductors, laid parallel and insulated by a layer of PVC. Generally used in aerial installations on poles.