Tax Transactions: Liabilities, Calculation, and Payment

Taxable Transactions

Summary Table

Taxable transactions:

• Sales of personal property.
• Provision or use of services.
• Construction contracts.
• First sale of property.
• Imports of goods.

Exemptions and Unaffected Transactions

Exemptions: (Appendix I - Appendix II)

Unaffected:

• Lease of movable and immovable property (only for natural persons with primary or secondary income).
• Re-transfer of business assets.
• Transfer of assets to educational institutions.
• Gambling.
• Imports of goods donated to religious institutions.
• Import of donated goods from abroad.

Birth of Tax Liability

In the sale of goods:

The date of issuing proof of payment or the date of delivery of the property, whichever occurs first.

The removal of property:

The date of retirement of the asset or the date of issuing proof of payment, whichever comes first.

In service delivery:

The date of issuing the payment voucher or the date of receiving remuneration, whichever comes first.

In construction contracts:

The date of issuing proof of payment or the date of collection of income (the amount received), whichever occurs first.

In the first sale of property:

At the time of collection of income over the amount to collect, whether partial or total. Also if this is known as pledging.

In real imports:

The date on which application for release for consumption of goods.

Taxpayers and Officials

Taxpayers:

One who makes the taxable activity, i.e., one who sells goods, provides services, imports goods, etc.

Officials:

Any person, natural or legal, who, without taxpayer status, must comply with the obligation to pay the tax. For example, the buyer of goods where the seller is not domiciled, commission agents, auctioneers, etc.

Calculation of Tax

Gross Tax:

Amount resulting from applying the rate (19%), including the Municipal Promotion Tax on taxable income. The balance due may be a balance in favor of the taxpayer (tax credit).

Tax Base:

Numeric value on which the tax rate applies. The tax base consists of:

• The sales value in the case of the sale of goods.
• The total remuneration in the provision or use of services.
• Value of construction in construction contracts.
• The income earned on the sale of properties, excluding land value.
• In imports, the customs value determined under the relevant legislation, plus duties and taxes affecting imports, except for IGV.

Tax Credit:

Made up of the VAT shown separately in the payment voucher that supports the acquisition of goods, services, and construction contracts or paid on the imported. It should be used every month, deducted from the gross tax to determine the tax payable.

Tax Payment Statement

Submit a monthly affidavit of taxed and exempt operations conducted in the period. It can be presented the first working day following that generated the requirement until the expiration date. PDT should use the Virtual Form No. 0621. No obligation, you can use Form No. 0118 or No. 0119 under the regime (general or special) that belongs to the taxpayer.