Spanish Poetry and Theater: Eras, Styles, and Authors

Poetry of the 40s

This era saw a return to traditional metrics, moving away from the Spanish reality. Notable works include those of Garcilaso and Leopoldo Panero, with the latter's "Poetry Uprooted." Other key figures include Damaso Alonso and Fiery Angel Otero, who viewed poetry as a creation. Pablo Garcia Baena also contributed to this period.

Poetry of the 50s

This period was characterized by social themes. Blas de Otero's work emphasized simplicity and a denouncement of the lack of liberty. Other writers include Gonzalez, whose work explored solidarity and freedom, and Gabriel Celaya, who addressed injustice.

Poetry of the 60s

Jaime Gil de Viedma blended conversational language and humor, critiquing the situation in Spain. José Agustín Goytisolo combined lyricism, irony, and love with a critical view of the contemporary world.

Poetry of the 70s

In 1970, José Maria Castellet published an anthology of poems. Pere Gimferrer's work featured complex language and themes of time and loss. Ana María Moix used collage, and Leopoldo María Panero focused on the meaning of words.

Poetry of the 80s

This era saw a return to classical forms and themes. There was also avant-garde poetry, which expressed emotions and used surrealistic techniques. The "Poetry of Experience" emerged, with writers like Luis García Montero and Luis Alberto de Cuenca.

Poetry of Silence

This movement moved away from narrative and anecdote. Key figures include Jose Angel Valente and Andres Sanchez Robayna.

Comedy

Jacinto Benavente's work critiqued bourgeois society.

Theater of Humor

Enrique Jardiel Poncela, Miguel Mihura, and Pedro Muñoz Seca used absurd humor to critique reality.

Avant-garde Theater

This theater broke from tradition, using symbols and metaphors. Key figures include Ramon Gomez de la Serra and Federico Garcia Lorca.

• Modernist Theater: Works like "The Curse of the Butterfly" reflected drama.
• Farce: "The Shoemaker's Prodigious" explored human instincts.
• Dramas: "Blood Wedding," "Yerma," and "The House of Bernarda Alba" are notable works.

Existential Theater

This theater had a pessimistic tone, addressing social injustice and seeking truth. Antonio Buero Vallejo and Alfonso Sastre are key figures.