Spanish Literature: Modernism and Generation of '27

Spanish Literature: A 20th-Century Overview

Modernism

Ramón del Valle-Inclán

Modernist Cycle: The Mareque of Bradomin
Mythic Cycle:

• Barbaric Comedy Trilogy
• Divine Words

Farce Cycle:

• Platform for the Education of Princes
• Bohemian Lights
• Mardi Gras

Grotesque Cycle:

• Altar of Greed
• Lust and Death

Other Modernist Writers

Gabriel Miró: The Berries of the Cemetery, Our Father St. Daniel, and Bishop Leproso
Ramón Pérez de Ayala: The Leg of the Fox and The Dancers (first stage); Toroteras and Tiger Juan (second stage)
Benjamín Jarnés: Useless Professor and Folly and Nobody
Ramón Gómez de la Serna: Known for spreading the avant-garde and inventing the "greguería"

The Generation of '27

Poetry

Federico García Lorca:

• Book of Poems
• Songs
• Poem of Cante Jondo
• Gypsy Ballads
• Lament for Ignacio Sánchez Mejías
• Poet in New York
• Divan of Tamarit

Antonio Machado: Traditional poetry with a modern twist.
Gerardo Diego: Represented the ideals of the '27, using both traditional and avant-garde forms.
Vicente Aleixandre: Explored themes of knowledge and existence through pure poetry, surrealism, and anthropocentric poetry.
Rafael Alberti: His work spans neopopularism, neogongorism, surrealism, political poetry, and nostalgic themes.
Jorge Guillén: Celebrated the joy of existence in Song, explored negative historical elements in Clamor, and exalted prominent figures in Tribute.
Luis Cernuda: Explored themes of homosexuality, love, and loss in Forbidden Pleasures, The Clouds, and Desolation of the Chimera.
Blas Otero: Known for social poetry, combining Angel Fiercely Human and Strengthen Human Conscience into Ancia.

Drama

Federico García Lorca:

• Blood Wedding
• Yerma
• The House of Bernarda Alba

Jacinto Benavente: The Malquerida and Vested Interests

Novels

Miguel de Unamuno: Explored the meaning of life and Spanish identity in works like The Tragic Sense of Life, Saint Manuel Bueno, Martyr, and Aunt Tula.
Pío Baroja: Known for adventure novels like Zalacaín the Adventurer and The Tree of Science.
Azorín (José Martínez Ruiz): The Will, Don Juan, and Félix Vargas