Software Types, Computer Uses, and IT in Special Education
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Software Classification
We can classify software into three types:
- Operating Systems: Manage computer resources.
- Programming Languages: Used to build applications (e.g., Java, C++, Assembly).
- Applications and Programs: Perform specific operations.
Programming Languages
What are Programming Languages?
Programming languages are established systems of communication understood by both programmers and machines, used to develop programs. They are constantly evolving, with many based on English, but increasingly visual and intuitive.
Word Processors
What is a Word Processor?
Word processors offer more than just writing; they allow for the inclusion of photos and drawings, text justification and formatting, spell checking, and integration with other applications. Specialized word processors exist for mathematics, programming, and symbols (e.g., Microsoft Word, Corel WordPerfect, Apple iWork).
Operating Systems
The Utility of an Operating System
Operating systems are the core software of a computer. Without an OS, a computer is useless. They manage the processor, memory, and hard drive. Once loaded, the OS controls all operations, manages devices, establishes communication between the user, programs, and the computer's processor. It handles program functions and manages errors.
Spreadsheets
What are Spreadsheets?
Spreadsheets are designed to facilitate work with numbers and numerical calculations. They consist of cells forming a matrix, capable of including numbers, operations, formulas, and explanatory text. Spreadsheets can be used for financial tables, forecasts, data representation, and other numerical operations.
Computers in Mathematics
Mathematical Applications of Computers
Computers are valuable resources in:
- Statistics: Analyzing large datasets and creating graphical representations.
- Function Study: Visualizing functions and solving equations.
Computers in Social Sciences
Social Science Applications of Computers
Computers are used for:
- Modeling and simulation of demographic, economic, political, and physical phenomena.
- Studying communication phenomena in the information society.
- Decision-making exercises and educational games.
Computers in Natural Sciences
Natural Science Applications of Computers
Computer-assisted experimentation, modeling with spreadsheets, simulations, microworlds, specific toolboxes, and animated graphics enhance methodologies in natural sciences.
Special Educational Needs (SEN)
Defining SEN
Students with Special Educational Needs (SEN) generally depart from the average student and require special attention and individualized programs and resources for adequate learning.
IT Tools in SEN Education
Utilizing IT for SEN Students
Information Technology (IT) tools can be highly supportive in SEN education, offering tailored slides and programs that meet learner characteristics while facilitating the teacher's task with adaptable materials.
Telematics
What is Telematics?
Telematics refers to the union between telecommunications and computing. Other equivalent terms include tele-download.