Sensory, Nervous, and Endocrine System Health Issues

Health and the Interaction Function

The Health of the Sense Organs

Vision-Related Diseases

• Blindness: Loss of eyesight in one or both eyes. This can be caused by genetic problems, accidents, or diseases such as diabetes.
• Conjunctivitis: Inflammation of the conjunctiva, often caused by viral and bacterial infections.
• Cataracts: The lens of an eye becomes cloudy, causing light to be dispersed inside the eye so it cannot be focused properly.
• Color Blindness: A congenital disease where individuals cannot distinguish between certain colors.
• Refractive Anomalies.

Hearing Disorders

• Hearing Loss: A decrease or total loss of hearing capacity. It can be a congenital condition or caused by ear infections, accidents, or exposure to loud or continuous noise.

Balance Disorders

• Vertigo: A sensation of movement or a feeling of spinning, often due to damage to the inner ear or the vestibular nerve.

Prevention for Sensory Organs

• To prevent diseases related to sight, it is important to see an ophthalmologist if you detect any eye abnormalities. Avoid bright lights, refrain from reading in poor light, and prevent contact with irritants. Foods rich in vitamin A also help prevent eye illnesses.
• To prevent diseases related to hearing, avoid exposure to loud or continuous noise. If this is not possible, wear protective earmuffs.

The Health of the Nervous and Endocrine Systems

Disorders of the Nervous System

• Psychological Disorders: These include stress and depression, which can be caused by social or environmental factors, physical problems, and individual characteristics.
• Degenerative Diseases: This category includes Alzheimer's disease, in which patients lose their memory and their capacity to think and use language. This disease frequently occurs in older people, and there is still no effective treatment.
• Brain or Spinal Trauma: This can cause irreversible damage to the brain or spinal cord. Depending on the location of the spinal cord injury, paraplegia (paralysis of the lower half of the body) or quadriplegia (paralysis of all four limbs) can occur. These injuries are often caused by accidents, such as riding a bike or skating without a helmet or traveling in a car without a seatbelt.
• Addiction: Drugs, such as cocaine, cannabis, or club drugs, may cause irreparable damage to the nervous system, as these substances are addictive.

Diseases of the Endocrine System

These are caused by excessive or defective hormone secretion.

• Diabetes: Caused by a decreased secretion of insulin by the pancreas.
• Hypothyroidism: Occurs when the thyroid gland produces less thyroxine than is needed, reducing the metabolic activity of cells.
• Hyperthyroidism: Occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroxine, increasing metabolic activity.

General Prevention

It is advisable to maintain a healthy diet, avoid alcohol, and exercise regularly to support nervous and endocrine system health.