Rise of Bourgeoisie and Humanist Academies in Medieval Europe

DEMO ECONO RECO

As the major epidemics disappeared and the birth rate increased, the population rose. Agricultural surplus was generated and sold. Improvements in shipping gave rise to trade in the Mediterranean Sea, the Baltic Sea, and the North Sea. The need for capital to travel and buy goods resulted in the growth of the banking system.

RISE OF BOUR

The economic power of the bourgeoisie did not come from the land as with the nobility. They made money activities such as banking.

STRENG MONA

The monarchs took back the power that the feudal nobility had accumulated during the Middle Ages. Monarchs created permanent armies and set up bureaucratic systems and financed the kingdom.

HUMAN B CENTER CREA

In medieval times, God was regarded as the center of the world. The humanists discovered the art and culture of Greek and Roman antiquity. They believed at the center of nature.

HUMANIST ACADEMIES

The humanists created academies where manuscripts were translated and knowledge and theories were exchanged.

HUMANISTS PROMOTE

Humanists sought to unite classical heritage and interest in scientific discovery. The new man - freedom and reason - scientific interest - education - human progress.

ERASHUS OF ROTTERDAH

He believed that Christianity and classical culture were compatible. He advocated a moral reform of the church and thought a truly religious mindset come from soul, not from pompous religion.

ERASMUSH IN SPAIN

The Valencian Luis Vives and brothers Juan and Alfonso de Valdes were his direct pupils. He supported international peace, unity among Europeans, and care for people in need. Religiousness and faith - reading the Bible - education - good system of government.

GUTENBERG’S PRINTING

The first book printed using the new typographic technique was the Bible in two volumes.

PRINTING PRESS SP

One of the most distributed books in Europe was printed in Alcala de Henares. It was Complutensian polyglot Bible financed by Cardinal Cisneros.

SPIRITUAL CRISIS OF CHURCH

The attitudes of the church were luxurious lifestyle of the high clergy, buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions for personal economic benefits, and selling of papal bulls and indulgences.

LUTHERAN REFORMATION

Martin Luther nailed a list of 95 theses against the Catholic faith. He condemned the wealth of the church, denied the value of indulgences, and advocated a new religion based on salvation through faith, authority of the Bible, and universal priesthood.

SPREAD OF REFORMATION

Lutheran Church - Calvinist Church was started in Switzerland, spread to France and England, and was based on predestination. Anglican Church.

COUNCIL OF TRENT

To stop the spread of Protestantism, the Catholic authorities began a reform of their church known as the Council of Trent. Pope Paul III convened the council of Trent to correct the errors of the church.

INQUISITION TRIBUNAL

To ensure that Protestantism did not spread to Catholic countries, the Pope created the Roman Inquisition, an ecclesiastical court that punished those who deviated from the dogmas of the church.