Reported Speech, Conditionals, Passive Voice & Marketing Terms

Reported Speech Examples

Suggestion: "Let's use these old bottles and cans," Lisa suggested. // Lisa suggested using those old bottles and cans.

Offer: "I can help you do your project," Dad said. // Dad offered to help me do my project.

Order: "Put the jars in the correct bin," the woman said. // The woman told me to put the jars in the correct bin.

Request: "Would you please take these bottles to the recycling bin tomorrow?" Mum asked. // Mum asked me to take those bottles to the recycling bin the next day.

Question: "Did they cut down many trees here last month?" he asked. // He asked if they had cut down many trees there the previous month.

Statement: "These men are dumping litter into the sea now," she said. // She said that those men were dumping litter into the sea then.

Conditional Sentences

• Third Conditional: If + past perfect + perfect conditional // If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.
• Second Conditional: If + simple past + present conditional // If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so tired.
• First Conditional: If + simple present + simple future // If you don't hurry, you will miss the train.
• Zero Conditional: If + simple present + simple present// If this thing happens, that thing happens.

Passive Voice

Present Simple Passive

Structure: are/is/am + past participle

Example: Clothes are exchanged every day.

Past Simple Passive

Structure: was/were + past participle

Example: I was tempted to buy new shoes.

Future Simple Passive

Structure: will be + past participle

Example: Your money will be refunded.

Marketing & Sales Vocabulary

Advertising & Promotion:

• Advertising agency - Agencia de publicidad
• Attract - Atraer
• Awareness - Conocimiento
• Budget - Presupuesto
• Convey a message - Expresar un mensaje
• Flyer - Folleto
• Free sample - Muestra gratis
• Goods - Bienes/Productos
• Increase - Aumentar
• Make - Hacer
• Price range - Rango de precios
• Product - Producto
• Purchase - Comprar
• Shop display - Escaparate
• Strategy - Estrategia
• Tempt - Tentar a...

Shopping & Transactions:

• Bargain - Ganga
• Cash - Efectivo
• Cashier - Cajero/a
• Charge - Cobrar
• Credit card - Tarjeta de crédito
• Discount - Descuento
• Exchange - Canjear
• Guarantee - Garantía
• On sale - En oferta / A la venta
• Price tag - Etiqueta de precio
• Receipt - Recibo
• Reduce - Disminuir
• Refund - Reembolso
• Save up - Ahorrar
• Special offer - Oferta especial
• Trial period - Período de prueba

Relationships & Actions:

• Considerate - Considerado
• Feel left out - Sentirse excluido
• Get along with - Llevarse bien con
• In charge of - A cargo de
• Lend - Prestar
• Pull one's weight - Poner de su parte/Colaborar
• Sense of belonging - Sentido de pertenencia
• Share - Compartir
• Take advantage of - Aprovecharse de
• Treat - Tratar
• Well-being - Bienestar
• Willing to - Dispuesto a
• Bury- Enterrar
• Cut down- Talar