A Quick Guide to English Irregular Verbs
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Irregular Verbs
Common Irregular Verbs
| Infinitive | Past Simple | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| BE (SER/ESTAR) | WAS/WERE | BEEN |
| BREAK (ROMPER) | BROKE | BROKEN |
| BUILD (CONSTRUIR) | BUILT | BUILT |
| BUY (COMPRAR) | BOUGHT | BOUGHT |
| COME (VENIR) | CAME | COME |
| COST (COSTAR) | COST | COST |
| CUT (CORTAR) | CUT | CUT |
| DO (HACER) | DID | DONE |
| DRINK (BEBER) | DRANK | DRUNK |
| DRIVE (CONDUCIR) | DROVE | DRIVEN |
| EAT (COMER) | ATE | EATEN |
| FIND (ENCONTRAR) | FOUND | FOUND |
| FORGET (OLVIDAR) | FORGOT | FORGOTTEN |
| GET | GOT | GOT |
| GIVE (DAR) | GAVE | GIVEN |
| GO (IR) | WENT | GONE |
| HAVE (TENER) | HAD | HAD |
| KNOW (SABER) | KNEW | KNOWN |
| LEAVE (DEJAR/IRSE) | LEFT | LEFT |
| LOSE (PERDER) | LOST | LOST |
| MAKE (HACER) | MADE | MADE |
| MEET (ENCONTRAR) | MET | MET |
| PUT (PONER) | PUT | PUT |
| READ (LEER) | READ | READ |
| RUN (CORRER) | RAN | RUN |
| SAY (DECIR) | SAID | SAID |
| SEE (VER) | SAW | SEEN |
| SELL (VENDER) | SOLD | SOLD |
| SEND (ENVIAR) | SENT | SENT |
| SING (CANTAR) | SANG | SUNG |
| SIT (SENTARSE) | SAT | SAT |
| SLEEP (DORMIR) | SLEPT | SLEPT |
| SPEAK (HABLAR) | SPOKE | SPOKEN |
| SPEND (GASTAR) | SPENT | SPENT |
| STAND (ESTAR DE PIE) | STOOD | STOOD |
| STEAL (ROBAR) | STOLE | STOLEN |
| SWIM (NADAR) | SWAM | SWUM |
| TAKE (TOMAR/LLEVAR) | TOOK | TAKEN |
| THINK (PENSAR) | THOUGHT | THOUGHT |
| WIN (GANAR) | WON | WON |
| WRITE (ESCRIBIR) | WROTE | WRITTEN |
Past Simple
Usage
- Completed actions in the past (e.g., I ran yesterday).
- Actions that happened at a specific time in the past (e.g., I saw him last night).
Keywords
- Last
- Ago
- Yesterday
- In [year]
- Last night
Form
Affirmative
Subject + Past Simple Verb
Negative
Subject + DIDN'T + Base Form of Verb
Yes/No Questions
DID + Subject + Base Form of Verb?
Present Perfect
Usage
- Actions that started in the past and continue to the present (e.g., I have lived here for 5 years).
- Experiences that happened at an unspecified time in the past (e.g., I have been to Paris).
- Recent actions with a present result (e.g., I have just finished my homework).
Keywords
- Since
- For
- Already
- Just
- Yet
- Ever
- Never
- Before
- So far
- How long
- Recently
Form
Affirmative and Negative
Subject + HAVE/HAS + Past Participle
Yes/No Questions
HAVE/HAS + Subject + Past Participle?
WH- Questions
WH-word + HAVE/HAS + Subject + Past Participle?