Psychology Concepts: A Multiple Choice Quiz and Answers

Instructions:

Choose the best answer for each multiple-choice question.

Questions:

1. Carl Jung believed that all humans have a common hereditary...
   1. Collective unconscious
   2. Displacement
   3. Rationalization
   4. Projection
   5. Regression
2. Three-year-old Joey is very angry with his parents but instead yells at his teddy bear. This is an example of...
   1. Collective unconscious
   2. Displacement
   3. Rationalization
   4. Projection
   5. Regression
3. A person with anorexia nervosa tells her therapist that she doesn't eat because she is worried about gaining weight, not because she wants to punish her parents. This is an example of...
   1. Collective unconscious
   2. Displacement
   3. Rationalization
   4. Projection
   5. Regression
4. Sam says that he does not trust Dorothy, but in reality, Dorothy feels that Sam is the one who cannot be trusted. This could be an example of...
   1. Collective unconscious
   2. Displacement
   3. Rationalization
   4. Projection
   5. Regression
5. A third-grader is anxious about the first day of school and begins sucking their thumb. This is an example of...
   1. Collective unconscious
   2. Displacement
   3. Rationalization
   4. Projection
   5. Regression
6. Freud would explain the cause of an adult's problem with excessive drinking and smoking as stemming from...
   1. Difficulties during the anal stage
   2. Difficulties during the oral stage
   3. Difficulties during the phallic stage
   4. Difficulties during the latency stage
   5. Difficulties during the genital stage
7. Which of the following is the correct order of progression for Freud's psychosexual stages?
   1. Oral, anal, genital, latency, phallic
   2. Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
   3. Phallic, oral, anal, latency, genital
   4. Genital, latency, phallic, oral, anal
   5. Anal, oral, phallic, genital, latency
8. The superego...
   1. Acts as a conscience
   2. Operates on the pleasure principle
   3. Is driven by the id
   4. Develops during the oral stage
   5. Is responsible for defense mechanisms
9. The ego operates based on...
   1. The pleasure principle
   2. The morality principle
   3. The reality principle
   4. The unconscious mind
   5. The collective unconscious
10. Freud believed that many unacceptable thoughts, desires, and feelings are stored in our...
    1. Preconscious
    2. Conscious
    3. Ego
    4. Superego
    5. Unconscious
11. According to psychoanalytic theory, in which of the following stages of psychosexual development does the Oedipus complex occur?
    1. Oral stage
    2. Anal stage
    3. Phallic stage
    4. Latency stage
    5. Genital stage
12. Members of an individualistic society...
    1. Describe themselves in terms of their social roles
    2. Value conformity and obedience
    3. Describe themselves based on their personality attributes
    4. Prioritize group harmony over individual needs
    5. Are less likely to engage in self-serving bias
13. High self-efficacy produces...
    1. Learned helplessness
    2. External locus of control
    3. Accomplishment and self-assurance in difficult situations
    4. A tendency to give up easily
    5. A fear of failure
14. Which of the following is an example of the "better-than-average" effect?
    1. An individual believes they are more likely to win the lottery than others
    2. An individual attributes their successes to internal factors and failures to external factors
    3. An individual conforms to the opinions of a group, even if they disagree
    4. An individual speeds down a local highway and justifies their actions by thinking a lot of other people speed too
    5. An individual experiences anxiety in social situations and avoids them as a result
15. According to the social cognitive perspective, which of the following can be considered to have an internal locus of control?
    1. John, a gambler, believes that his luck will change if he keeps playing
    2. Quentin, a subject in an experiment, doesn't attempt to move when being administered electric shocks, believing that the shocks are uncontrollable
    3. Mary blames her poor grades on her teacher's ineffective teaching methods
    4. Sarah believes that fate will determine whether she gets the job she interviewed for
    5. David attributes his success in business to being in the right place at the right time
16. According to the ideas of reciprocal determinism, which of the following influences personality?
    I. Behavior
    II. Environment
    III. Personal factors
    1. I only
    2. I, II, and III
    3. II and III only
    4. I and III only
    5. I and II only
17. The responses to the question "Who am I?" comprise a person's...
    1. Self-concept
    2. Self-esteem
    3. Self-efficacy
    4. Archetype
    5. Locus of control
18. Rogers' person-centered perspective emphasizes the importance of...
    1. Unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy
    2. Conditions of worth, congruence, and active listening
    3. Participation, acceptance, and empathy
    4. Self-actualization, esteem needs, and belongingness
    5. Cognitive dissonance, self-perception, and social comparison
19. Which of the following is a major difference between the intermenistic approach and psychodynamic approach to personality?
    1. Humanistic psychology focuses on the influence of childhood experiences, while psychodynamic psychology emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind
    2. Psychodynamic psychology emphasizes the importance of free will, while humanistic psychology focuses on deterministic factors
    3. Humanistic psychology focuses on the positive aspects of human nature, while psychodynamic psychology emphasizes the role of conflict and defense mechanisms
    4. Humanistic psychology focuses on the ways seemingly well-adjusted people strive for success; psychodynamic focuses on the underlying motives of conflicted individuals
    5. There are no major differences between the two approaches
20. An example of a projective test is the...
    1. Rorschach inkblot test
    2. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
    3. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
    4. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
    5. NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R)
21. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire includes which of the following?
    1. Extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism
    2. Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
    3. Introversion, sensing, thinking, judging
    4. Dominance, influence, steadiness, conscientiousness
    5. Self-actualization, esteem, love/belonging, safety, physiological
22. The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)...
    1. Asks individuals to make up a story about an ambiguous picture
    2. Presents individuals with inkblot images and asks them to describe what they see
    3. Measures personality traits on a five-factor model
    4. Is a self-report inventory that assesses for psychological disorders
    5. Requires individuals to complete a series of performance-based tasks
23. Molly was certain everyone noticed that she tripped and spilled her coffee in the cafeteria. This is an example of...
    1. The spotlight effect
    2. Self-serving bias
    3. Cognitive dissonance
    4. The fundamental attribution error
    5. The bystander effect
24. In the trait vs. situation debate...
    1. Personality traits may not reliably predict behavior on a specific occasion, but they do reliably predict behavior across many situations
    2. Situational factors are more important than personality traits in predicting behavior
    3. Personality traits are stable and unchanging over time
    4. Behavior is entirely determined by the situation
    5. There is no debate; both traits and situations are equally important in predicting behavior

Answers:

1. a
2. b
3. c
4. d
5. e
6. b
7. b
8. a
9. c
10. e
11. c
12. c
13. c
14. d
15. b
16. b
17. a
18. a
19. d
20. a
21. a
22. a
23. a
24. a