The Progressive Era: Reforms and Impacts

What Drove the Progressive Era Movement?

A general belief that government reforms were needed to help end social problems and disorder.

Why Did Many Progressive Reformers Support Prohibition Legislation?

They believed alcohol was a cause of poverty and many other social problems.

What is the Nineteenth Amendment?

Gave women the right to vote.

What Did the Use of Initiative Allow Reformers to Do?

Propose issues and legislation directly to voters.

What Did Major Policies of Theodore Roosevelt's Presidency *Not* Include?

Using subsidies (government payments) to bolster the failing Standard Oil Company.

What Were Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom Platform and Proposals Directly Countering?

Roosevelt's New Nationalism ideas.

What Act Did Woodrow Wilson Seek to Reform Banking Primarily Through?

Federal Reserve Act

Federal Reserve Act

This act established the Federal System, which established 12 distinct reserves to be controlled by the banks in each district. In addition, a Federal Reserve board was established to regulate the entire structure. This improved public confidence in the banking system.

Rationale for American Global Intervention Includes All of the Following *Except*:

• Belief that American ideas and institutions were superior to those of inferior nations.
• The United States sought strategic allies for protection of its interests around the world.
• The American economy now depended on larger access to foreign markets and resources.
• The United States sought to gain as much foreign land as possible through invasion and occupation.

Answer: The United States sought to gain as much foreign land as possible through invasion and occupation.

The Best Definition of Imperialism Is:

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. A country's practice of exploiting nations and peoples for its own gain.

Prohibition Was a Controversial Policy Because...

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Initiative

A procedure by which voters can propose a law or a constitutional amendment.

Accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt

Conservation accomplishments and his work to regulate corporate monopolies, which earned him the nickname "trust buster."

New Freedom

Democrat Woodrow Wilson's political slogan in the presidential campaign of 1912; Wilson wanted to improve the banking system, lower tariffs, and, by breaking up monopolies, give small businesses freedom to compete.

Tariff

A tax on imported goods.

New Nationalism

Roosevelt's progressive political policy that favored heavy government intervention in order to assure social justice.

Federal Reserve Act

A 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply.

Federal Trade Commission

(WW) 1914, A government agency established in 1914 to prevent unfair business practices and help maintain a competitive economy, support antitrust suits.

Sixteenth Amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1913 that explicitly permitted Congress to levy an income tax.

Imperialism

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.

Education Reforms

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Seventeenth Amendment

1913 constitutional amendment allowing American voters to directly elect US senators.

Secret Ballot

Anonymous voting method that helps to make elections fair and honest.

Recall

A procedure for submitting to popular vote the removal of officials from office before the end of their term.

Consumer Safety Reforms

Meat Inspection Act

Meat Inspection Act

1906 - Laid down binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines.

Labor Reforms

Workers' rights to organize unions.